Katakam Rupini Krishna
Biomanagement of root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood - wilt fungus, Fusarium oxysporum disease complex in vegetable cowpea - Vellayani Department of Nematology, College of Agriculture 2021 - 111p.
M Sc
The study entitled „Biomanagement of root knot nematode,
Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood - wilt fungus, Fusarium
oxysporum disease complex in vegetable cowpea‟ was conducted at
Department of Nematology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani,
Thiruvananthapuram during 2019-2021. The objectives were to study the
interaction between M. incognita and F. oxysporum and to evaluate the
efficacy of biofumigation, biocontrol agents and organic amendments in the
management of nematode - fungus disease complex in vegetable cowpea.
An pot culture experiment was laid out in completely randomized
design to study the interaction between M. incognita and F. oxysporum and
their effect on nematode multiplication, disease incidence and growth
parameters in vegetable cowpea. In Interaction study, the treatments were M.
incognita alone, F. oxysporum alone, simultaneous inoculation of M. incognita
and F. oxysporum, M. incognita + F. oxysporum one week after nematode
inoculation, F. oxysporum + M. incognita one week after fungus inoculation
and uninoculated control. M. incognita was inoculated @ one J2 g soil-1
and F.
oxysporum mass multiplied in sand maize medium (20×107
cfu g-1
) was mixed
in soil @ 500 g in different intervals. The results unveiled that highest
cohabitation of both the pathogens was observed when M. incognita was
inoculated seven days prior to F. oxysporum inoculation with lowest shoot
length (11.15 cm) and root length (9.26 cm). Meanwhile, lowest number of
nodules 5 g root-1
(14.00) was recorded in plants treated with M. incognita
alone. Highest reproduction factor of 1.67 was observed in M. incognita alone
followed by M. incognita + F. oxysporum one week after nematode
inoculation (1.14). Similar trend was observed in number of galls, egg masses
and eggs per egg mass. Highest (100.00%) and early (23 days) disease
incidence was recorded in plants inoculated with M. incognita + F. oxysporum
one week after nematode inoculation
120
Field study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of biofumigation
using crop residues of cauliflower, bioagents (Pseudomonas fluorescens,
Trichoderma viride, Purpureocillium lilacinun) and organic amendment
(neem cake) in comparison to chemical (Fluopyram 400 SC). The experiment
was laid out in CRD with eight treatments and three replications. Variety used
was Vellayani Jyothika. All treatments showed statistically significant
reduction in nematode population in comparison with control. Among the non
chemical methods, P. fluorescens @ 10 g kg seed-1
+ neem cake @ 100 g m-2
showed maximum reduction in nematode population in soil (88.68 per cent
over control) and root (83.68 per cent over control). Lowest reproduction
factor was recorded in chemical (0.14) followed by P. fluorescens @ 10 g kg
seed-1
+ neem cake @ 100 g m-2 (0.30), T. viride enriched FYM @ 20 g m
-2
(0.69) and P. lilacinum enriched FYM @ 20 g m
-2
(0.70). Similar trend was
observed in the case of number of galls also. Effect of P. fluorescens @ 10 g
kg seed-1
+ neem cake @ 100 g m-2 found to be equally effective to P.
lilacinum enriched FYM @ 20 g m
-2
in reducing number of egg masses and
eggs per egg mass giving 52.51 to 76.74 per cent reduction over control.
Lowest disease incidence (27.76 %) was recorded in fluopyram 400 SC @ 250
g a.i. ha-1
, P.fluorescens@ 10 g kg seed-1
+ neem cake @ 100 g m-2 and T.
viride enriched FYM @ 20 g m-2
. Regarding biometric characters (shoot
length, fresh and dry shoot weight, root length, fresh and dry root weight) and
yield, effect of P. fluorescens @ 10 g kg seed-1
+ neem cake @ 100 g m-2
was
statistically on par with chemical fluopyram giving 56.81 to 76.90 per cent
increase over control. Highest number of nodules (87.00 5 g root-1
) was
observed in P. fluorescens @ 10 g kg seed-1
+ neem cake @ 100 g m-2 and it
was significantly superior to all other treatments.
From this study, it was concluded that highest interactive effect
between nematode and fungus was recorded when M. incognita inoculated
seven days prior to F. oxysporum inoculation.Application of P. fluorescens @
10 g kg seed-1
+ neem cake @ 100 g m-2
can be recommended for
121
management of M. incognita and F. oxysporum disease complex in organic
cultivation of cowpea.
Nematology
Meloidogyne incognita
Wilt fungus
Fusarium oxysporum
592.57 / KAT/BI PG
Biomanagement of root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood - wilt fungus, Fusarium oxysporum disease complex in vegetable cowpea - Vellayani Department of Nematology, College of Agriculture 2021 - 111p.
M Sc
The study entitled „Biomanagement of root knot nematode,
Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood - wilt fungus, Fusarium
oxysporum disease complex in vegetable cowpea‟ was conducted at
Department of Nematology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani,
Thiruvananthapuram during 2019-2021. The objectives were to study the
interaction between M. incognita and F. oxysporum and to evaluate the
efficacy of biofumigation, biocontrol agents and organic amendments in the
management of nematode - fungus disease complex in vegetable cowpea.
An pot culture experiment was laid out in completely randomized
design to study the interaction between M. incognita and F. oxysporum and
their effect on nematode multiplication, disease incidence and growth
parameters in vegetable cowpea. In Interaction study, the treatments were M.
incognita alone, F. oxysporum alone, simultaneous inoculation of M. incognita
and F. oxysporum, M. incognita + F. oxysporum one week after nematode
inoculation, F. oxysporum + M. incognita one week after fungus inoculation
and uninoculated control. M. incognita was inoculated @ one J2 g soil-1
and F.
oxysporum mass multiplied in sand maize medium (20×107
cfu g-1
) was mixed
in soil @ 500 g in different intervals. The results unveiled that highest
cohabitation of both the pathogens was observed when M. incognita was
inoculated seven days prior to F. oxysporum inoculation with lowest shoot
length (11.15 cm) and root length (9.26 cm). Meanwhile, lowest number of
nodules 5 g root-1
(14.00) was recorded in plants treated with M. incognita
alone. Highest reproduction factor of 1.67 was observed in M. incognita alone
followed by M. incognita + F. oxysporum one week after nematode
inoculation (1.14). Similar trend was observed in number of galls, egg masses
and eggs per egg mass. Highest (100.00%) and early (23 days) disease
incidence was recorded in plants inoculated with M. incognita + F. oxysporum
one week after nematode inoculation
120
Field study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of biofumigation
using crop residues of cauliflower, bioagents (Pseudomonas fluorescens,
Trichoderma viride, Purpureocillium lilacinun) and organic amendment
(neem cake) in comparison to chemical (Fluopyram 400 SC). The experiment
was laid out in CRD with eight treatments and three replications. Variety used
was Vellayani Jyothika. All treatments showed statistically significant
reduction in nematode population in comparison with control. Among the non
chemical methods, P. fluorescens @ 10 g kg seed-1
+ neem cake @ 100 g m-2
showed maximum reduction in nematode population in soil (88.68 per cent
over control) and root (83.68 per cent over control). Lowest reproduction
factor was recorded in chemical (0.14) followed by P. fluorescens @ 10 g kg
seed-1
+ neem cake @ 100 g m-2 (0.30), T. viride enriched FYM @ 20 g m
-2
(0.69) and P. lilacinum enriched FYM @ 20 g m
-2
(0.70). Similar trend was
observed in the case of number of galls also. Effect of P. fluorescens @ 10 g
kg seed-1
+ neem cake @ 100 g m-2 found to be equally effective to P.
lilacinum enriched FYM @ 20 g m
-2
in reducing number of egg masses and
eggs per egg mass giving 52.51 to 76.74 per cent reduction over control.
Lowest disease incidence (27.76 %) was recorded in fluopyram 400 SC @ 250
g a.i. ha-1
, P.fluorescens@ 10 g kg seed-1
+ neem cake @ 100 g m-2 and T.
viride enriched FYM @ 20 g m-2
. Regarding biometric characters (shoot
length, fresh and dry shoot weight, root length, fresh and dry root weight) and
yield, effect of P. fluorescens @ 10 g kg seed-1
+ neem cake @ 100 g m-2
was
statistically on par with chemical fluopyram giving 56.81 to 76.90 per cent
increase over control. Highest number of nodules (87.00 5 g root-1
) was
observed in P. fluorescens @ 10 g kg seed-1
+ neem cake @ 100 g m-2 and it
was significantly superior to all other treatments.
From this study, it was concluded that highest interactive effect
between nematode and fungus was recorded when M. incognita inoculated
seven days prior to F. oxysporum inoculation.Application of P. fluorescens @
10 g kg seed-1
+ neem cake @ 100 g m-2
can be recommended for
121
management of M. incognita and F. oxysporum disease complex in organic
cultivation of cowpea.
Nematology
Meloidogyne incognita
Wilt fungus
Fusarium oxysporum
592.57 / KAT/BI PG