Chitra P (2017-17-005)
Impact of seed priming techniques on germination and seedling performance in sadal (Santalum album L.) - Vellanikkara Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, College of Forestry 2019 - 127
MSc, CD
Santalum album L, known as the East Indian Sandalwood is a semi-root parasitic tree native to South India and it is one of the most precious and valuable among Indian forest trees. The poor rate of germination coupled with long germination period is the major constraints in the regeneration of sandal. Present study was conducted to assess the impact of seed priming techniques on the germination and seedling growth attributes of sandal at College of Forestry, Vellanikkara, Thrissur. The effect of different duration and concentration of priming agents viz. water (Hydropriming for 3, 6, 9 and 12 days), Pseudomonas fluorescens (Biopriming at 25, 50, 75 and 100% for 2, 4, 6 and 8 days), Polyethylene Glycol 6000 (Osmopriming at 5, 10, 15 and 20% for 3, 6, 9 and 12 days) and MnSO4 (Chemical priming at 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 M for 3, 6, 9 and 12 days) on seed germination and subsequent seedling growth in sandal were studied. The non- primed seeds were kept as control. Primed seeds were stored for one day and one month after the completion of priming processes and the germination and seedling growth were observed. The germination was obtained only in the seeds stored for one day after priming process and the seeds stored for one month failed to germinate. Results indicated that the hydropriming of the seeds could not improve the germination of the sandal seeds compared to control. Biopriming significantly increased the seed germination and the highest germination percentage (88%) was recorded in the seeds subjected to biopriming for 8 days at 100% concentration, which was 1.9 times higher compared to control. The highest germination recorded in osmopriming was 78%. The chemical priming with MnSO4 at different concentrations for 3 days also recorded the higher germination (88%) comparable to biopriming. Electrical conductivity was the highest in the leachates of seeds hydroprimed for 12 days (1.96 dS cm-1) and was the lowest in seeds subjected to biopriming (0.03 dS cm-1). The leachate conductivity of the seeds subjected to osmopriming treatments (1.69 dS cm-1) was comparable to that of the hydropriming treatments. Although the different concentrations and duration of MnSO4 reduced the leakage of solutes from the sandal seeds, the electrical conductivity was higher than that of the biopriming treatments. Hence, biopriming treatments were the best in reducing the leakage of solutes from the cells leading to better membrane integrity and stability. Biochemical analysis of the primed and non-primed seeds indicated that the hydropriming treatments recorded significantly lower carbohydrate, protein and crude fat content compared to control. The biopriming and osmopriming treatments increased the total carbohydrate and protein content of the seeds whereas, a reduction in crude fat was observed. Chemical priming also increased the carbohydrate and protein content compared to control but was lower than that of seeds subjected to biopriming and osmopriming. A better seedling growth was also obtained on biopriming seeds at 100% concentration of Pseudomonas fluorescens for 8 days, which resulted in tallest seedlings (33.10 cm) with collar girth of 9.28 mm, 17 leaves per plant, root length of 8.35 cm and seedling dry weight 0.92 g. The biopriming treatments improved the vigour index of the sandal seedlings compared to control. Seedlings obtained from chemical priming also performed better than control. Hydropriming and osmopriming could not enhance the growth and biomass production of the sandal seedlings compared to control. Overall it can be concluded that the better priming treatments to enhance the germination and seedling growth attributes of sandal was in the order: biopriming at 100% for 8 days >biopriming at 50% for 8 days >biopriming at 75% for 8 days >biopriming at 100% for 6 days >biopriming at 75% for 6 days > chemical priming at 1.0 M for 3 days >biopriming at 50% for 4 days. The results of the present investigation can be applied in forest nurseries to obtain increased and uniform germination of sandal seeds which can ensure the quality planting stock production.
Seedling performance in Sandal
Santalum Album
/ CHI/IM
Impact of seed priming techniques on germination and seedling performance in sadal (Santalum album L.) - Vellanikkara Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, College of Forestry 2019 - 127
MSc, CD
Santalum album L, known as the East Indian Sandalwood is a semi-root parasitic tree native to South India and it is one of the most precious and valuable among Indian forest trees. The poor rate of germination coupled with long germination period is the major constraints in the regeneration of sandal. Present study was conducted to assess the impact of seed priming techniques on the germination and seedling growth attributes of sandal at College of Forestry, Vellanikkara, Thrissur. The effect of different duration and concentration of priming agents viz. water (Hydropriming for 3, 6, 9 and 12 days), Pseudomonas fluorescens (Biopriming at 25, 50, 75 and 100% for 2, 4, 6 and 8 days), Polyethylene Glycol 6000 (Osmopriming at 5, 10, 15 and 20% for 3, 6, 9 and 12 days) and MnSO4 (Chemical priming at 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 M for 3, 6, 9 and 12 days) on seed germination and subsequent seedling growth in sandal were studied. The non- primed seeds were kept as control. Primed seeds were stored for one day and one month after the completion of priming processes and the germination and seedling growth were observed. The germination was obtained only in the seeds stored for one day after priming process and the seeds stored for one month failed to germinate. Results indicated that the hydropriming of the seeds could not improve the germination of the sandal seeds compared to control. Biopriming significantly increased the seed germination and the highest germination percentage (88%) was recorded in the seeds subjected to biopriming for 8 days at 100% concentration, which was 1.9 times higher compared to control. The highest germination recorded in osmopriming was 78%. The chemical priming with MnSO4 at different concentrations for 3 days also recorded the higher germination (88%) comparable to biopriming. Electrical conductivity was the highest in the leachates of seeds hydroprimed for 12 days (1.96 dS cm-1) and was the lowest in seeds subjected to biopriming (0.03 dS cm-1). The leachate conductivity of the seeds subjected to osmopriming treatments (1.69 dS cm-1) was comparable to that of the hydropriming treatments. Although the different concentrations and duration of MnSO4 reduced the leakage of solutes from the sandal seeds, the electrical conductivity was higher than that of the biopriming treatments. Hence, biopriming treatments were the best in reducing the leakage of solutes from the cells leading to better membrane integrity and stability. Biochemical analysis of the primed and non-primed seeds indicated that the hydropriming treatments recorded significantly lower carbohydrate, protein and crude fat content compared to control. The biopriming and osmopriming treatments increased the total carbohydrate and protein content of the seeds whereas, a reduction in crude fat was observed. Chemical priming also increased the carbohydrate and protein content compared to control but was lower than that of seeds subjected to biopriming and osmopriming. A better seedling growth was also obtained on biopriming seeds at 100% concentration of Pseudomonas fluorescens for 8 days, which resulted in tallest seedlings (33.10 cm) with collar girth of 9.28 mm, 17 leaves per plant, root length of 8.35 cm and seedling dry weight 0.92 g. The biopriming treatments improved the vigour index of the sandal seedlings compared to control. Seedlings obtained from chemical priming also performed better than control. Hydropriming and osmopriming could not enhance the growth and biomass production of the sandal seedlings compared to control. Overall it can be concluded that the better priming treatments to enhance the germination and seedling growth attributes of sandal was in the order: biopriming at 100% for 8 days >biopriming at 50% for 8 days >biopriming at 75% for 8 days >biopriming at 100% for 6 days >biopriming at 75% for 6 days > chemical priming at 1.0 M for 3 days >biopriming at 50% for 4 days. The results of the present investigation can be applied in forest nurseries to obtain increased and uniform germination of sandal seeds which can ensure the quality planting stock production.
Seedling performance in Sandal
Santalum Album
/ CHI/IM