Developing rice based complementary food for infants (Record no. 27428)
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| 000 -LEADER | |
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| fixed length control field | 07875nam a2200193Ia 4500 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER | |
| control field | OSt |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION | |
| control field | 20220317144057.0 |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION | |
| fixed length control field | 140128s9999 xx 000 0 und d |
| 082 ## - DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION NUMBER | |
| Classification number | 640 |
| Item number | DHA/DE |
| 100 ## - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Dhanya Jose |
| 245 ## - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | Developing rice based complementary food for infants |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. (IMPRINT) | |
| Place of publication, distribution, etc. | Vellayani |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc. | Department of Home Science, College of Agriculture |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2005 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION | |
| Extent | 105 |
| 502 ## - DISSERTATION NOTE | |
| Degree type | MSc |
| 520 3# - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | A study entitled "Developing rice based complementary food for infants" was conducted to formulate a weaning food with rice suitable for feeding infants of six to nine months of age. Sixty four combinations of basic mixes were worked out combining rice with different pulses in varying proportions. Out of these, eleven combinations having high chemical score (above 80) were selected for formulation of multimixes by adding ingredients in two different ways. In the former method ragi or wheat was added to the basic mix as a second cereal and in the later method an additional pulse was added. Thus 247 combinations were formulated. From these, eleven combinations having chemical score above eighty were selected at random. Thus there were eleven basic mixes and eleven multimixes. These 22 mixes (11+11) were used in the preparation of a comprehensive multimix based on "food square" concept suggested by Protein Advisory Group (1975), which would contain a staple of the locality and a food that would supply protein, a mineral and vitamin supplement and an energy supplement. As the staple and protein components are already present in the 22 primary , mixes, amaranth leaves were added as vitamin-mineral supplement. Sugar and coconut oil were added as energy supplements. While calculating the nutritive value of the 22 combinations, the protein content was found to be very low; hence soya was also included as an additional ingredient to formulate complementary food. The selected ingredients in the multimixes were processed separately by common cottage level techniques and were blended in specified proportions to formulate the 22 comprehensive multimixes. These were converted into a recipe suitable to feed an infant. They were evaluated organoleptically by ten expert judges with the help of a score card. The total scores were compared and ten mixes having highest acceptability scores were selected. These multimixes contained amaranth as vitamin-mineral supplement. As drumstick leaves is also a cheap and easily available green leafy vegetable, ten more multimixes were processed replacing amaranth with drumstick leaves. The multimixes with amaranth were designated with a suffix 'A' while those containing drumstick leaves had the suffix 'DS' along with their serial number. These 20 (10+10) multimixes were processed by "extrusion" to facilitate large scale production for commercial exploitation. These were then evaluated for their yield, nutritive value, organoleptic quality and cost. In order to identify some of the best multimixes from the above 20, they were further ranked on the basis of organoleptic score. Thus 8DS and 3DS were ranked as first and second respectively. Corresponding combinations containing amaranth, viz., 8A and 3A were also selected for further analysis to find out the best multimix. In order to achieve the mulimixes were subjected to chemical, physical, nutritional and sanitary quality analysis and were evaluated for their shelf stability, acceptability and preference. Several parameters were used to evaluate chemical, physical, nutritional quality of the four mixes. As these parameters varied widely, comprehensive indices were worked out using appropriate statistical tools. Thus the product quality index for chemical, physical and rheological qualities and nutritional adequacy were worked out. The multimix 8A secured the highest index value for chemical, physical and rheological characters, while 3A secured the highest score for nutritional adequacy. To identify the most acceptable multimix, an overall adequacy index was also ~orked out and the index value revealed that 8A is the most suitable one since it had the highest index score. Total bacterial count and E. coli contamination if any also ascertained to ensure that the multimixes are safe for feeding infants. Eventhough all the four mixes were not absolutely sterile, the counts were much below the admissible level suggested by BIS. It was further gratifying to note that E. coli was completely absent in all the four multimixes, giving further assurance to sanitary quality. Shelf stability evaluation of the multimixes were carried out through chemical, physical and microbiological methods after storing the mixes for three months in polyethylene covers. Eventhough after storage the peroxide value and bacterial count were within acceptable limits, there was marginal increase in above parameters. Despite of the above variation, the acceptability of the mixes remained unaltered, which confirms the shelf stability. Organoleptic and preference test conducted after storage also indicated 8A as the most acceptable multimix. In order to justify the quality of the product the characteristics of the four mixes were further compared with those specified under IS 1659-1969 standard. From this exercise, it was found that the products were effective in supplying adequate amount of two major nutrients namely, carbohydrate and protein. However the fat content was found to be low, but this was overcome by the addition of coconut oil at the time of serving the mix in the form of a porridge. Vitamin and mineral contents were also found to be low, but such deficiency can be made up by adding commercial vitamin-mineral pre-mixes to the blends while processing the material, which is an acceptable practice followed in preparing infant formulae. To assess the commercial viability of the products, further, the mixes were also com;ared with selected characteristics of a commercial rice based infant formula (Nestum-control). When nutritional adequacy was tested, the commercial formula was found to be ill-balanced. This control sample was noted to contain excess amount of carbohydrate and very low amount of protein and fat when compared to BIS recommendation. It is of special interest to note that this commercial formula was not adequate even to meet half of the protein requirement of a young infant, while the developed four mixes had a balanced proportion of the three major nutrients (after addition of coconut oil to the recipe). Another important feature was that the control sample had higher proportion of minerals especially sodium and potassium which agam introduces another element of ill-balance, which may endanger the kidney function of the infant on prolonged use. However the multimixes developed had low levels of minerals and vitamins. These, if necessary, could be made upto desired level by adding vitamin-mineral pre-mixes in specified amounts while processing the blends. Another most important feature that was highly noticeable was the cost. The developed mixes were very cheap (18 to 34 Rs/kg) when compared with commercial infant formula (147 Rs/kg). The study revealed that the developed product 8A containing rice (550 g), black gram dhal (250g), soya (150g) and amaranth (50g) was found to meet the requirements specified by IS (1659-1969) for majority of the characteristics (nine out of eleven) and hence could be proclaimed as a nutritious complementary food for infants of Kerala being indigenous, low cost and easy to prepare and feed. |
| 700 ## - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Vimalakumari N K(guide) |
| 856 ## - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS | |
| Uniform Resource Identifier | http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810109364 |
| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA) | |
| Source of classification or shelving scheme | |
| Koha item type | Theses |
| Withdrawn status | Lost status | Source of classification or shelving scheme | Damaged status | Not for loan | Permanent Location | Current Location | Shelving location | Date acquired | Full call number | Barcode | Date last seen | Price effective from | Koha item type |
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| KAU Central Library, Thrissur | KAU Central Library, Thrissur | Theses | 2014-03-18 | 640 DHA/DE | 172487 | 2014-03-18 | 2014-03-18 | Theses |