Performance of red gram (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) intercropping systems in lowlands (Record no. 290243)
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| 000 -LEADER | |
|---|---|
| fixed length control field | 05496nam a22001577a 4500 |
| 082 ## - DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION NUMBER | |
| Classification number | 630 |
| Item number | GIB/PE PG |
| 100 ## - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Gibi Mariam Thomas |
| 245 ## - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | Performance of red gram (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) intercropping systems in lowlands |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. (IMPRINT) | |
| Place of publication, distribution, etc | Vellayani |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc | Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc | 2023 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION | |
| Extent | 110p. |
| 502 ## - DISSERTATION NOTE | |
| Dissertation note | MSc |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Abstract | The study entitled “Performance of red gram (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) intercropping systems in lowlands” was undertaken at College of Agriculture, Vellayani during 2020-2022. The main objective was to evaluate different red gram based intercropping systems in the summer fallow of double cropped lowland rice field in terms of weed dynamics, biological efficiency and economics. The field experiment was carried out at Integrated Farming System Research Station (IFSRS), Karamana from January to June 2022 in Randomized Block Design with 10 treatments and three replications. The treatments comprised of T1: red gram + bush cowpea (1:2), T2: red gram + green gram (1:2), T3: red gram + fodder cowpea (1:2), T4: red gram + finger millet (1:2), T5: sole crop of red gram, T6: sole crop of bush cowpea, T7: sole crop of green gram, T8: sole crop of fodder cowpea, T9: sole crop of finger millet and T10: fallow. Red gram (var. PRG 176) was raised as the main crop and bush cowpea (var. PGCP-6), green gram (CO-6), fodder cowpea (var. Aiswarya) and finger millet (var. VR 847) were raised as intercrops. Red gram was raised as per the recommendation of Regional Agricultural Research Station, Palem, Telengana and the intercrops as per KAU Package of Practice Recommendations (KAU, 2016). The results indicated that intercropping in red gram had significant influence on the growth and yield of both main crop and intercrops. Growth attributes of red gram, viz., plant height, number of branches per plant, leaf area per plant and leaf area index (LAI) showed significant variation with the intercropping systems. The treatment T5 resulted in taller plants at 30 and 60 Days after sowing (DAS), highest number of branches at 60 and 90 DAS and highest leaf area and LAI at 30, 60 and 120 DAS. Number of pods per plant (110.43), grain yield (1430 kg ha-1 ), haulm yield (5639 kg ha1 ), of red gram were also found to be highest in T5. Growth and yield attributes of intercrops were significantly reduced under intercropping systems. Sole crops of bush cowpea (T6) and green gram (T7) produced highest leaf area, LAI, number of pods, grain yield and haulm yield compared to its intercropping system. The highest plant height, number of branches, leaf area, LAI, L:S ratio, green fodder yield and dry fodder yield were recorded in the treatment T8 (sole crop of fodder cowpea). Similarly, finger millet when raised as sole crop (T9) registered highest number of tillers m-2 , productive tillers m-2 , grain yield and stover yield. Intercropping with red gram profoundly reduced the weed count, dry matter production (DMP), and NPK removal by weeds. The treatment T8 (sole crop of fodder cowpea) and T1 (red gram + bush cowpea) recorded the lowest weed count at 30 and 60 DAS, respectively. Higher DMP was recorded in T10 (fallow) and lowest in T1 (red gram + bush cowpea). The lowest N removal by weeds was observed in T1 at 30 DAS (1.36 kg ha-1 ) and 60 DAS (5.24 kg ha-1 ), respectively. The treatments T2 at 30 DAS (0.66 kg ha-1 ) and T1 at 60 DAS (2.05 kg ha-1 ) resulted in the lowest P removal by weeds. The treatment T1 recorded the lowest K removal at 30 DAS (0.94 kg ha-1 ) and 60 DAS (1.55 kg ha-1 ), respectively. In general, intercropping system exhibited more weed smothering efficiency than sole cropping. Higher values were obtained for T1 at 30 DAS (40.86 %) and 60 DAS (58.93 %), respectively. All crops were analyzed for N, P and K uptake and highest value was recorded in sole crop of both main crop and intercrops. Analysis of soil sample after harvest recorded that all parameters except available P and K were not significantly influenced by different treatments. The highest P and K content were observed in T8 (76.03 kg ha-1 ) and T3 (150 kg ha-1 ) respectively. The dehydrogenase enzyme activity was recorded highest in treatment T1 (red gram + bush cowpea) with the value of 356.37 μg TPF g-1 soil d-1 . Analysis of competitive indices of intercropping system revealed that the land equivalent ratio (LER), monetary advantage index (MAI) and red gram equivalent yield (REY) were the highest in T1. The highest relative crowding coefficient (Kri) and positive aggressivity value of red gram indicated the dominance and competitive nature of red gram over intercrops. Treatment T1 (red gram + bush cowpea) produced highest net income (₹ 138611 ha-1 ) and the highest B:C ratio (3.13) was recorded in T2 (red gram + green gram) intercropping system. From the present study it can be concluded that the systems involving bush cowpea and green gram in additive series (1:2) were more suitable for intercropping with red gram in the summer fallow of double cropped lowland rice field. It was identified as the best intercropping system considering the weed smothering efficiency, red gram equivalent yield, land equivalent ratio, monetary advantage index, net income and benefit: cost ratio. |
| 650 ## - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Agronomy |
| 700 ## - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Jacob John (Guide) |
| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA) | |
| Source of classification or shelving scheme | |
| Item type | Theses |
| Not for loan | Collection code | Permanent location | Current location | Shelving location | Date acquired | Full call number | Barcode | Date last seen | Koha item type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not For Loan | Reference Book | KAU Central Library, Thrissur | KAU Central Library, Thrissur | Theses | 2023-05-03 | 630 GIB/PE PG | 175626 | 2023-05-03 | Theses |