Genetic Improvement of Bird Pepper (Capsicum Frutescens L.) by Selection
By: Sheela K B.
Contributor(s): George T E(Guide).
Material type:
BookPublisher: Vellanikkara Department of Olericulture, College of Horticulture 1998DDC classification: 635.6 Online resources: Click here to access online | Click here to access online Dissertation note: PhD Abstract: Investigation on 'Genetic improvement of bird pepper (Capsicum
frutescens L.) by selection' was undertaken at the Department of Olericulture,
Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikkara, during 1993-97. The main objectives
of the study were estimation of variability and genetic diversity, study of floral
biology, improvement of the selected lines through single plant and mass selection
methods, analysis of biochemical constituents and morphological and biochemical
characterization of bird pepper.
Eighty six accessions of bird pepper collected from different locations
were characterized based on IBPGR descriptor list for Capsicum. Wide variability
was observed for morphological and biometric characters.
Twenty five selected accessions were further evaluated for two seasons
for quantitative characters. Variability, heritability, genetic diversity and association
of various characters was studied.
e
Accessions CF 5, CF 10, CF 19, CF 23, CF 36 and CF 103 having
consistent high yield and better fruit size were advanced by single plant and mass
selection for three generations. Single plant selection was more effective in
improving fruit size and yield. Genetic gain was realised for fruit characters and
yield under both the methods of selection.
The peak period of anthesis and anther dehiscence in bird pepper was
between 9 am to lOam. Stigma was receptive 24 hours before and after anthesis.
Significant variation was observed among 25 selected accessions for
ascorbic acid, capsaicin, oleoresin and carotenoid content. The highest content of
ascorbic acid, capsaicin, oleoresin and carotenoids in mature fruits were registered
in accessions CF 15 (77.6 mg 100 g-1), CF 5 (1.57%), CF 23 (14.25%) and CF 138
(0.5%) respectively. These constituents registered a significant increase with
ripening.
A comparison of C. frutescens and C. annuum accessions with respect to
fatty acid, nucleic acid and protein content, enzyme activities and flavour
components were made. Biochemical characterization of C. frutescens was done by
studying the electrophoretic pattern of the enzyme peroxidase.
Accession CF 19 with high yield (185.38 g per plant) and better fruit size
(24.26 cm2) and CF 5 and CF 10 with high capsaicin content (1.57 and 1.41 %
respectively) were identified for further improvement.
| Item type | Current location | Call number | Status | Date due | Barcode |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Theses
|
KAU Central Library, Thrissur Theses | 635.6 SHE/GE (Browse shelf) | Available | 171388 |
PhD
Investigation on 'Genetic improvement of bird pepper (Capsicum
frutescens L.) by selection' was undertaken at the Department of Olericulture,
Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikkara, during 1993-97. The main objectives
of the study were estimation of variability and genetic diversity, study of floral
biology, improvement of the selected lines through single plant and mass selection
methods, analysis of biochemical constituents and morphological and biochemical
characterization of bird pepper.
Eighty six accessions of bird pepper collected from different locations
were characterized based on IBPGR descriptor list for Capsicum. Wide variability
was observed for morphological and biometric characters.
Twenty five selected accessions were further evaluated for two seasons
for quantitative characters. Variability, heritability, genetic diversity and association
of various characters was studied.
e
Accessions CF 5, CF 10, CF 19, CF 23, CF 36 and CF 103 having
consistent high yield and better fruit size were advanced by single plant and mass
selection for three generations. Single plant selection was more effective in
improving fruit size and yield. Genetic gain was realised for fruit characters and
yield under both the methods of selection.
The peak period of anthesis and anther dehiscence in bird pepper was
between 9 am to lOam. Stigma was receptive 24 hours before and after anthesis.
Significant variation was observed among 25 selected accessions for
ascorbic acid, capsaicin, oleoresin and carotenoid content. The highest content of
ascorbic acid, capsaicin, oleoresin and carotenoids in mature fruits were registered
in accessions CF 15 (77.6 mg 100 g-1), CF 5 (1.57%), CF 23 (14.25%) and CF 138
(0.5%) respectively. These constituents registered a significant increase with
ripening.
A comparison of C. frutescens and C. annuum accessions with respect to
fatty acid, nucleic acid and protein content, enzyme activities and flavour
components were made. Biochemical characterization of C. frutescens was done by
studying the electrophoretic pattern of the enzyme peroxidase.
Accession CF 19 with high yield (185.38 g per plant) and better fruit size
(24.26 cm2) and CF 5 and CF 10 with high capsaicin content (1.57 and 1.41 %
respectively) were identified for further improvement.
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