Molecular mechanism of the cytotoxic activity of Pogostemon quadrifolius (Benth.)
By: Arya Krishna.
Contributor(s): Sindura K P(Guide).
Material type:
BookPublisher: Vellayani Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture 2022Description: 73p.Subject(s): Plant BiotechnologyDDC classification: 660.6 Dissertation note: BSc - MSc (Int.) Summary: The study entitled “Molecular mechanism of the cytotoxic activity of
Pogostemon quadrifolius (Benth.)” was carried out in the Department of Plant
Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram during 2021 -
2022. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of P. quadrifolius
(Benth.) leaf extract on cancer cells and to elucidate its action on genes of apoptotic
pathway. P. quadrifolius (Benth.) is a shrub belonging to the family Lamiaceae and
there are preliminary reports on antiproliferative effect of P. quadrifolius (Benth.) leaf
extract in chronic myelogenous leukemia cancer cells and prostate cancer cells.
However, the molecular mechanism of its cytotoxicity is not yet understood.
P. quadrifolius (Benth.) leaves were dried and then extracted with methanol,
53.2 mg/g of crude extract was obtained from powdered leaf sample. Cytotoxic effect
of the leaf extract was evaluated by MTT assay in human lung (A549), breast cancer
cell line (MDA-MB -231) and normal cell line HEK 293. The extract showed dose
dependent reduction in cell survival percentage and IC 50 values were found to be 48.01
µg/ml and 75.38 µg/ml for lung and breast cancer respectively, while it was non-toxic
towards normal cells in the above dosage. The leaf extract also inhibited the colonyforming ability of cancer cells in the clonogenic assay which was indicative of the
extract’s ability to affect cell survival and proliferation. DNA isolated from the
methanolic leaf extract treated cells when subjected to DNA fragmentation assay was
seen sheared which is an indication of apoptosis in those cells. Expression profiling of
the key apoptotic genes BAX, CASPASE 3, CASPASE 9, PARP and BCL2 showed
upregulation of BAX, CASPASE 9 and CASPASE 3 in the treated cells. The antiapoptotic genes BCL2 and PARP1 were downregulated and also the BAX/ BCL2 ratio
was found to be greater than 1 which confirms that active apoptosis is happening in
cancer cells upon treatment with leaf extract.
Cytotoxic effect of methanolic leaf extract of P. quadrifolius (Benth.) on
lung and breast cancer cells were elucidated and the gene expression analysis revealed
that the mechanism of cytotoxicity is via apoptosis. The findings suggest that the leaf
extract of P. quadrifolius (Benth.) can be a potent candidate for development of cancer
chemotherapeutics after further advanced research.
| Item type | Current location | Collection | Call number | Status | Date due | Barcode |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Theses
|
KAU Central Library, Thrissur Theses | Reference Book | 660.6 ARY/MO PG (Browse shelf) | Not For Loan | 175681 |
BSc - MSc (Int.)
The study entitled “Molecular mechanism of the cytotoxic activity of
Pogostemon quadrifolius (Benth.)” was carried out in the Department of Plant
Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram during 2021 -
2022. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of P. quadrifolius
(Benth.) leaf extract on cancer cells and to elucidate its action on genes of apoptotic
pathway. P. quadrifolius (Benth.) is a shrub belonging to the family Lamiaceae and
there are preliminary reports on antiproliferative effect of P. quadrifolius (Benth.) leaf
extract in chronic myelogenous leukemia cancer cells and prostate cancer cells.
However, the molecular mechanism of its cytotoxicity is not yet understood.
P. quadrifolius (Benth.) leaves were dried and then extracted with methanol,
53.2 mg/g of crude extract was obtained from powdered leaf sample. Cytotoxic effect
of the leaf extract was evaluated by MTT assay in human lung (A549), breast cancer
cell line (MDA-MB -231) and normal cell line HEK 293. The extract showed dose
dependent reduction in cell survival percentage and IC 50 values were found to be 48.01
µg/ml and 75.38 µg/ml for lung and breast cancer respectively, while it was non-toxic
towards normal cells in the above dosage. The leaf extract also inhibited the colonyforming ability of cancer cells in the clonogenic assay which was indicative of the
extract’s ability to affect cell survival and proliferation. DNA isolated from the
methanolic leaf extract treated cells when subjected to DNA fragmentation assay was
seen sheared which is an indication of apoptosis in those cells. Expression profiling of
the key apoptotic genes BAX, CASPASE 3, CASPASE 9, PARP and BCL2 showed
upregulation of BAX, CASPASE 9 and CASPASE 3 in the treated cells. The antiapoptotic genes BCL2 and PARP1 were downregulated and also the BAX/ BCL2 ratio
was found to be greater than 1 which confirms that active apoptosis is happening in
cancer cells upon treatment with leaf extract.
Cytotoxic effect of methanolic leaf extract of P. quadrifolius (Benth.) on
lung and breast cancer cells were elucidated and the gene expression analysis revealed
that the mechanism of cytotoxicity is via apoptosis. The findings suggest that the leaf
extract of P. quadrifolius (Benth.) can be a potent candidate for development of cancer
chemotherapeutics after further advanced research.
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