TY  - BOOK
AU  - Vimi Louis 
AU  - Sukumara Varma A (Guide)
TI  - Management of Pumpkin Mosaic Using Selected Medicinal Plant Extracts
U1  - 632.3 
PY  - 2003///
CY  - Vellanikkara
PB  - Department of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture
N2  - "Management of pumpkin mosaic using selected medicinal plant extracts" 
was undertaken in the College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, 
Vellanikkara, Thrissur during 1998-2002. Selection of suitable medicinal plant 
having antiviral property to pumpkin mosaic virus (PMV), isolation of the 
inhibitory principle present in the medicinal plant, management of pumpkin mosaic 
using the plant extract and partial purification and serological studies of PMV were 
the objectives of the study. Symptomatology, transmission, host range and 
electron microscopy of PM V were also studied. 
The symptomatology of pumpkin mosaic was studied by observing the 
development of symptoms in naturally infected as well as artificially inoculated 
pumpkin plants. The symptoms appeared as typical mosaic mottling with light and 
dark green patches in the leaf lamina. This was followed by blistering and 
malformation of leaves into filiform or some other shapes and resulted in reduction 
of leaf area. The infected plants were stunted, flowered very sparingly with less 
number of female flowers and reduced fruit setting. The fruits were often 
malformed . The virus could be transmitted mainly through sap and vector, Aphis 
gossypii. The virus found to be weakly transmitted also through seeds. The 
inoculation of PMV on host plants of four families viz., cucurbitaceae, solanaceae, 
fabaceae and caricaceae showed systemic infection in water melon, snake gourd, 
bitter gourd, winter squash,' wild ash gourd (cucurbitaceae) chilli, datura 
(solanaceae), soybean, cow pea (fabaceae) and papaya (caricaceae). Electron 
microscopic studies revealed the presence of flexuous virus particles (700-800 x 11 
nm) in infected leaf sample. 
Antiserum was raised against the virus and used for serodiagnostic work. 
The antiserum showed serological relationship with poty viruses infecting snake 
gourd, bitter gourd, wild ash gourd, cowpea, soybean, chilli and papaya. DAC- 
ELISA procedure was standardized and used for detection of PM V from pumpkin. 
 
The inhibitory property of extracts of five medicinal plants namely Basella 
alba, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Phyllanthus fraternus, Plumbago rosea 'and Thespesia 
populnea were studied-against PMV by pre-inoculation application on pumpkin 
seedlings. The medicinal plant extracts were prepared using different extraction 
media viz., chloroform, distilled water, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether at 
different dilutions. The inhibitory property varied with extraction media and 
dilution used. 
The PMV inhibitory property of different parts of Plumbago viz., tender 
leaf, mature leaf, tender stem, mature stem and root were studied at different 
temperatures and found that all parts showed inhibitory property which varied with 
temperature. The root extract which showed the maximum inhibitory property at 
30°C (near to room temperature) was used for further studies. 
The effect of Plumbago on vector transmission was studied by applying 
the extract before acquisition feeding and inoculation feeding of Aphis gossypii, 
the vector of PMV. Application before inoculation feeding was found to be 
effective than acquisition feeding and the inhibitory effect decreased with time 
after application. 
Distilled water extract of Plumbago was separated through silica gel 
column to isolate the inhibitory fraction and found that individual fractions were 
not effective as plant extract as such against PMV. 
The inhibitory effect of Plumbago water extract one per cent, on artificially 
inoculated and healthy pumpkin seedlings was tested by weekly, fortnightly, 
monthly, bimonthly and single application. Weekly spray was effective to reduce 
disease severity of artificially inoculated and naturally infected pumpkin seedlings. 
Delayed incidence of the mosaic and enhanced yield of infected plants was also 
resulted due to weekly spray of the extract. 
Enzyme, protein, chlorophyll and phenolics estimation revealed that 
Plumbago extract spray favoured the resistance and thereby suppression of 
symptoms. The DAC-ELISA of field samples showed the lower concentration of 
the virus in Plumbago treated plants. 


UR  - http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810015096
ER  -