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082			_a630.28 _bSHA/GE
100			_aShajan V R
245			_aGenetic Basis of Seed Yield and Seed Quality in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
260			_aVellayani _bDepartment of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture _c2002
502			_bPhD
520	3		_aThe present study, "Genetic basis of seed yield and seed quality in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)" was carried out at the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani during 1 Y97-2000. The objective of the study were: . To assess the genetic basis of seed yield and seed quality attributes, to study the interrelationship and direct influence of different characters on yield. To assess the general combining ability of parents and specific combining ability of the hybrids to identified good parental' combinations and to estimate the extent of heterosis expressed in the hybrids for the different characters. Fifty genotypes of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) maintained at RARS for Onattukara region were used for the study. The genotypes were planted in an RBD with two replications. Analysis of variance showed significant difference among genotypes with respect to all the characters studied viz., plant height, height upto fir~t capsule, number of branches, capsules on main axis, number of capsules per plant, length of capsule, number of seeds per capsule, seed yield per plant, weight of capsule per plant, 1000 seed weight, number of days taken for first flowering, number of days taken for harvest, seed oil percentage and seed protein percentage. The characters viz., number of branches, number of capsules per plant, seed yield per plant and weight of capsules per plant registered high coefficient of variation at phenotypic and genotypic level revealing the scope for selection. .t. High heritability and high genetic advance were observed for plant height only. High heritability and moderate genetic advance were observed for number of capsules per plant and number of seeds per capsule and these characters can be improved through selection. All other characters showed high heritability and low genetic advance and these characters can be improved by heterosi ~ .breeding or recombination breeding. Seed yield had high positive genotypic correlation with plant height, number of branches, capsules on main axis, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule and weight of capsules per plant. So selection for these characters will improve the yield. Plant height had high positive genotypic correlation with capsules on main axis and weight of capsules per plant. Number of branches had high positive genotypic correlation with number of capsules per plant and weight of capsules per plant. Capsules on main axis had high genotypic correlation with number of capsules per plant and weight of capsules per plant. Length of capsule had high genotypic correlation with number of seeds per capsule. Number of days taken for first flowering and harvest recorded high genotypic correlation. Path coefficient analysis showed that number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule had high direct effect on seed yield and 1000 seed weight had moderate direct effect on seed yield. Selection for these characters will automatically improve yield. Genetic divergence analysis was done based on Mahalanobis' 02 and the genotypes were clustered using Tocher's method. Fifty genotypes were clustered into nine clusters with maximum in cluster I with 19, cluster 11 with three, cluster III with 10. cluster IV with three, cluster V with six, cluster VI 2 with five, cluster VII with two and VIII and IX with 1 each genotypes. Maximum average intracluster distance was observed for cluster I and maximum intercluster distance between cluster VII and cluster VIII. Based on D2 analysis, six divergent parents with high yield viz., IVTS-5, A VTS-8, AVTS-16, Si-255-2, Si-266 and Si-722 from six divergent clusters viz., V, Ill, IV, I, II and VII respectively were selected. They.w a'e crossed in half diallel fashion. These parents, their direct F I S and one standard variety were raised in RBD with 3 replications. In addition to the observations taken for the evaluation of the parents, quality aspects viz., acid value, saponification value, iodine value, peroxide value, total nitrogen, amino acid profile and fatty acid profile were estimated. Analysis of variance showed significant difference among genotypes for all the characters, except, number of days taken for first flowering and harvest. The GCA and SCA variances for number of branches, length of capsule, 1000 seed weight, acid value, peroxide value and total nitrogen were non-significant. Hence, gene action could not be worked out for these traits. Seed yield per plant; seed protein and saponification value had non-significant SCA showing significance of only additive gene action. For plant height, height upto first capsule, capsule on main axis, number of capsules pet plant, number of seeds per capsule, capsule yield per plant, seed oil percentage and iodine value both gca and sea effects were significant. Both additive and non-additive gene action were significant. Plant height, height upto first capsule, capsule on main axis, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, seed oil percentage and iodine value showed a preponderance of non-additive gene action. Seed yield 3 per plant, weight of capsules per plant and saponification value showed predominance of additive gene action. Significant heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis were observed for different characters in different hybrids. The parents IVTS-5 and AVTS-16, the good general combiners can be utrlised for further crop improvement programmes. The two hybrids viz., IVTS-5 x A VTS-8 and IVTS-5 x A VTS-16 showed significant superiority for the most important economic characters viz., seed yield per plant, seed oil percentage, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, protein percentage and iodine value. So these hybrids can be considered for further crop improvement programme.
700			_aChandramony D (Guide)
856			_uhttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810015057
942			_2ddc _cTH