Crop weather relationship studies in bitter gourd

Abstract

An experiment was conducted during 1995 – 96 at the College of Horticulture, Vellenikkara to find out the optimum date of sowing and to study the crop – weather relationship in bitter gourd, variety mc –84. The experiment was laid out in randomised black design with 3 replications. The treatments consisted of twelve dates of sowing starting from April 15th, 1995 and ending in March, 15th, 1996. For each and every treatment one control plot was maintained. The biometric observations of the crop growth characters, flowering and yield attributes were taken at different stages of development of the crop. The observations on the incidence of pests and diseases were recorded from the control plots. The observations on weather elements were recorded daily. October sowing was significantly superior to others with regard to number of female flower production, number of fruits, fruit set, fruit length girth, weight and yield. The crop weather relationship studies showed that the temperature range during 45 to 65 DAS and sunshine hours during 40-60 DAS were positively correlated with both total yield and number of female flowers per plant while minimum temperature during 45-60 DAS and mean relative humidity during 45-70 DAS were negatively correlated with both total yield and number of female flowers per plant. Crop sown during September, October and November were free from the attack of Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coq.). While Eudioptes indica (Saund.) occurred throughout the year. Mosaic disease incidence was severe in crops sown during June. But September sown crop was free from diseases.