Browsing by Author "Aswani, S A"

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    Assessment of genetic variability among accessions of chinese potato (Solenostemon rotundifolius. (Poir.) J.K Morton) using morphological and molecular markers
    (Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture ,Vellayani, 2022-02-10) Aswani, S A; Asha, K I
    Root and tuber crops are a rich source of carbohydrates. Globally, they are the most cultivated energy source especially in the tropical regions of the world. The edible starch is stored in the subterranean stems, roots, rhizomes, corms and tubers which are well known for their medicinal, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Besides their wide range of industrial applications, a multitude of appetizing and healthy cuisine can be prepared from these crops. Solenostemon rotundifolius (Poir.) J. K. Morton (Chinese potato) with chromosome number 2n=64 belongs to the family Lamiaceae is one among these tubers which are commonly consumed mainly by Keralites, known as "Koorkka" in their native language. Morphological characterization using standard descriptors will help to identify different accessions with diverse phenotypic features for selection by the breeders. Molecular marker studies are very effective that can be used as reliable tools for the analysis of genome architectures and gene polymorphism in crop germplasm. In the present study assessment of genetic variability among 27 accessions of Chinese potato germplasm maintained in the ICAR-CTCRI field genebank using morphological and molecular markers was carried out. Morphological characterization was based on the standard minimal descriptors published by ICAR NBPGR (2006) and RHS colour chart (1966). Seven qualitative and sixteen quantitative characters were recorded. The morphological data was subjected to cluster analysis, Pearson Correlation Coefficient analysis and Principal Component Analysis using XLSTST 2021.2 statistical package. On UPGMA cluster analysis, the 27 accessions were grouped into 3 major clusters. PCC analysis showed that maximum genetic variability was between Sree Dhara and TCR-136 and the least between TCR-136 and TCR-110. The principal component analysis gave 5 PCA components and the first 3 principal components have high eigenvalues, accounting for 96.70 % of the variability among the traits studied. Quality DNA ranged from 106.9 (ASA-8) to 450.7 (ASA-5) was isolated from 27 accessions of Chinese potato using a combined DNA isolation method. Ten polymorphic ISSR and eight SSR markers were screened and optimized, which generated an average of 13.8 and 1.4 scorable bands per marker and revealed high overall percent polymorphism of 97.82 and 72.72 respectively. Cluster analysis showed maximum genetic variability between TCR-120 and ASA-10 and the least between SAASV-20 and TCR-111. The SSR 84 markers gave single bands that are polymorphic and the analysis showed less genotypic variability. The present study revealed that the morphological characters and molecular markers used were effective in germplasm characterization and genetic diversity studies in Chinese potato.