Browsing by Author "Babu Mathew, P"

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    Agronomic interventions for a sustainable rice based cropping system in paddy fields
    (Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2016) Vipitha, V P; Babu Mathew, P
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    Effect of seed soaking and foliar spray of growth regulators on rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2001) Poornima Yadav, P I; Babu Mathew, P
    A field experiment was conducted at the Instructional Farm, College of Agriculture, Vellayani during the rabi 2000, to study the effect of seed soaking and foliar spray of growth and yield of rice. To assess the influence of different seed soaking chemicals on seed germination and seedling characters, a nursery study was conducted in CRD with four treatments and four replications (T1 –water soaking, T2 – soaking in Azospirillum, T3 – soaking in Penshibao, T4 – soaking in Azospirillum + Penshibao). The main field experiment was laid out in split split plot design with three replications. The treatments included four types of seed soaking (T1 – water soaking, T2 – soaking in Azospirillum, T3 – soaking in Penshibao, T4 – soaking in Azospirillum + Penshibao) in the main plots, five types of growth regulators as foliar spray (F1 – triacontanol, F2-GA3, F3-kinetin, F4-Penshibao and F5-water spray) in sub plots and two stages of application (S1-20 DAT and S2-20 and 30 DAT) in sub sub plots. Observations on nursey study revealed that soaking rice seeds in Azospirillum or Penshibao alone or in combination improved the germination percentage and all other seedling characters. Results of the main field experiment indicated that seed soaking, foliar spray, stages of application and their combinations had a significant influence on most of the growth characters, growth analysis parameters, yield attributing characters, yield, nutrient uptake and BCR. Soaking seeds in Penshibao + Azospirillum (T4), foliar spray with Penshibao (F4) and spraying at 20 and 30 DAT (S2) improved almost all growth characters, growth analysis parameters and chlorophyll content. These treatments also recorded the highest grain yield while straw yield was comparable for soaking in Penshibao alone and its combination with Azospririllum. Among the foliar sprays, Penshibao registered the highest grain and straw yield when applied at two stages compared to single application. In treatment combinations, soaking seeds in Azospirillum and Penshibao followed by foliar spray of Penshibao, soaking seeds in Penshibao followed by its foliar spray and soaking in Penshibao and Azospirillum followed by foliar spray of GA3 were found to be on par and significantly superior to other combinations. Nutrient uptake was also influenced by the three factors studied (seed soaking, foliar spray and stage of application). Nitrogen uptake was the highest for soaking seeds in Penshibao and Azospirillum and it was on par with soaking in Penshibao alone. Similarly foliar spray with Penshibao at 20 and 30 DAT registered the highest N uptake at harvest. The different chemicals used for seed soaking were found to have a comparable effect and superior to water soaking on P uptake. Among the combinations, soaking in Penshibao and Azospirillum with foliar spray of Penshibao at 20 and 30 DAT registered the highest values for N,P and K uptake. The economic analysis showed that the individual effect of combind soaking in Azospirillum (600 g ha-1) and Penshibao (100 ppm), foliar spray of Penshibao (100 ppm) and spraying at 20 and 30 DAT were superior to other treatments. Among the interactions, the treatment combination of soaking seeds in Penshibao + Azospirillum followed by foliar application of Penshibao at 20 and 30 DAT, recorded the highest BCR.
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    Evaluation of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on yield and quality of snake gourd. (Trichosanthes anguina L)
    (Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1998) Phebe Joseph; Babu Mathew, P
    An experiment was conducted at the Instructional Farm attached to the College of Agriculture, Vellayani during January to May 1997 with the objectives of finding out the potential of using farmyard manure, poultry manure, vermicompost and fertilizers and the extend to which organic manures can be substituted for fertilizers for increasing yield and improving the quality of snake gourd (Trichoso/hes anguina L.). Three sources of organic manures, three levels of chemical fertilizers and three additional treatments (organic sources + organic sources to substitute NPK) were tested for their efficiency in 3 X 3 + 3 factorial RBD with three replications. The results of the study revealed that yield attributing characters like length of the fruit, weight of the fruit and number of fruits per plant were highest in plots applied with farmyard manure + farmyard manure to substitute NPK. The organic manures, levels of inorganic fertilizers and their interactions didn't produce any marked difference in the yield of the crop. But significant difference was observed among additional treatments. Among additional treatments, plots applied with farmyard manure was found to be the best, (57250 kg ha") which was on par with poultry manure (53500 kg ha-I). Growth characters VIZ. weight of the roots plant" and dry matter production ha" were also highest in farmyard manure alone applied plots. Application of chemical fertilizers significantly improve the nitrogen content in plant parts and fruits. Highest nitrogen content of plant and fruit was observed with full NPK levels (70 : 25 : 25 kg NPK ha-I). Different organic sources, levels of chemical fertilizers and their interactions failed to show any significant effect on N uptake of the plant. However increased levels of fertilizers increased the uptake of N. The organic forms of manures showed a definite advantage over inorganic fertilizers on the quality of the fruit. Among quality attributes, significantly higher values for Total Soluble Solids (TSS), vit.C., total sugars and increased shelf life were observed in fruits obtained from vermicompost applied plots. When the economics of production was worked out, it was observed that all treatments were able to fetch more profit, and the maximum B : C of 5.5 was observed by the application of vermicompost with 3/4 NPK. The present study revealed that integration of vermicompost with chemical fertilizers was beneficial for increasing the yield and improvement in xxvii quality along with a low financial input.
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    Fate and efficiency of urea based fertilizer N for rice
    (Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1987) Babu Mathew, P; Tajuddin, E
    With a view to evaluate the comparative efficacy of different urea modified materials at various doses of N, an experiment was conducted at the Cropping Sytems Research Centre, Karamana during 1985-86. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications. There were five levels of nitrogen (0, 37.5, 75, 112.5 and 150kg/ha) in the main plots and six types of urea (prilled urea, urea super granules, urease inhibited urea, Neem cake coated urea, Sulphur coated urea and Rock phosphate coated urea) in the sub plots. The rice variety used was Jaya. The abstract of the results are given below. The highest tiller production was observed when USG was applied @ 150 kg N/ha. Application of SCU @ 112.5 kg N/ha, resulted in the production of highest amount of dry matter at harvest. Application of SCU or USG @ 112.5 kg/ha, resulted in the highest N uptake. Nitrogen recovery percentage was highest when NCU or SCU was applied @ 37.5 kg N/ha. Plants supplied with SCU or USG resulted in the production of more number of spikelets/panicle and higher test weight.