Browsing by Author "Gopimony, R"

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Clonal reaction to leaf spot diseases in banana
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1977) Gopimony, R
Comparative study of certain fruit qualities of twenty pineapple varieties
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1978) Gopimony, R; Balakrishnan, S; Marykutty, K C
A study was undertaken to evaluate the fruit quality of twenty pineapple varieties during the fruiting season of 1975-76 at the Pineapple Research Centre, Vellanikkara, Trichur. In fruit weight, Kew was found to be far superior to all other varieties except Smooth Cayenne. But in certain other dessert qualities like colour and texture of flesh, flavour, sweetness and T. S. S. varieties like Mauritius, McGregor, Ripley Queen, Queen and Valerabalanga were found to be superior to Kew. The variety Valerabanga was found to show a superior sugar-acid blend as compared to Kew. This suggests its use as a parent material in breeding works for further improvement of Kew.
Easy method of hybrid seed production in bhindi
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1982) Gopimony, R; Gopinathan Nair, V
Effect of gamma radiation on the sucker production in banana rhizomes
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1978) Gopimony, R; Kannan, K
Effect of top dressing with urea at flower initiation time in 'zanzibar' variety of banana
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1979) Gopimony, R; Marykutty, K C; Kannan, K
Efficient mutagenesis in cowpea
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1984) Sunny K Oommen; Gopimony, R
Studies were undertaken to obtain precise information on the effects of six doses of gamma rays (5 to 30 krad) and seven concentrations of ethyl methanesulphonate {0.1 to 0.7 per cent) on cowpea. Gamma ray and ethyl methanesulphonate treatments resulted in physiological damages in M, generation as evidenced by the reduction in survival of plants, plant growth and fertility. Mutation frequency estimated on M, plant basis increased with increasing doses of gamma rays and ethyl methanesulphonate. Effectiveness of gamma rays increased with increasing doses upto 15 krad and there was a reduction at still higher doses. Most efficient gamma ray dose was found to be 10 krad when efficiency was estimated on the basis of lethality or sterility, while on injury basis 30 krad was the most efficient dose. Among the different doses of ethyl methanesulphonate tried, 0.4 per cent was the most effective as well as efficient, irrespective of the criterion adopted for the estimation of efficiency.
Estimation of inbreeding depression through embryo and kernel analysis in coconut types
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1994) Manju, P; Gopimony, R
The study was undertaken to assess the breeding value of the three Komadan generations, the WCT and the NCD by selfing them and studying the extent of inbreeding depression. The three Komadan generations behaved as a distinct group against WCT and NCD types for weight of embryo and kernel. The significant reduction in embryo and kernel weight in the selfed nuts of NCD and WCT indicated a high degree of inbreeding depression. The results indicate the high degree of homozygosity achieved by the Komadan types through natural self pollination as against heterozygosity in WCT and NCD.
Evaluation of cowpea varieties for fodder and grain yield
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1982) Gopimony, R; Sunny K Oommen; Gopinathan Nair, V
Evaluation of super mother palms of coconut by progeny analysis
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1984) Thomas Mathew; Gopimony, R; Gangadharan, P
Evaluation of super mother palms of coconut by seedling progeny analysis
(Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1983) Thomas Mathew; Gopimony, R
Seedling progeny analysis was conducted in super mother palms of coconut (annual yield not less than 3Q0 nuts) in comparison with control mother palms (average mother palms with annual yield not less than 60 nuts). The aim was to evaluate these super palms for their prepotent ability to produce quality seedlings. The super mother palms were selected from different locations in Trivandrum and Quilon districts, and from the same locations, control mother palms were also selected. A seed lo t froi north Kerala (Badagara) collected by the State Department of Agriculture was also included. Observations were recorded on mother palms, samples on seed nuts collected from these palms, and on seedlings raised in a replicated field trial. Critical analysis of the compiled data showed super mother palms to be significantly superior to control palms In number of bunches and nuts per bunch. But the two types of mother palms failed to show significant differences in nut., and seedling characters. Among super palms, T4 showed superiority over rest of palms in mother palm, seed nut, and seedling characters. This super palm also registered the highest recovery of quality seedlings indicating its superior prepotent ability. Estimates on recovery of quality seedlings from total number of seed nuts was found to be more reliable than the recovery from total number of seedlings, as a measure of prepotency. Selection of super mother palms as prepotent trees, on the basis of nut yield alone was found to be non-viable Instead, a balance between nut size and number of nuts per bunch is sought. Significant correlations between seedling vigour index and seed nut characters (weight of unhusked nut, husked nut, and meat) led to elucidation of the linear relationships between vigour Index and seed nut characters for use as ready reckoners for improving mother palm selection programme. Significant correlations between seedling vigour index and seed nut characters (weight of unhusked nut, husked nut, and meat) led to elucidation of the linear relationships between vigour Index and seed nut characters for use as ready reckoners for improving mother palm selection programme. Studies on genetic parameters showed that a high amount of genetic factor is Involved in the expression of seed nut characters (weight of unhusked nut, husked nut, and meat) and seedling characters (germination percentage, height, girth-at-collar, number of leaves, leaf area, and age at leaf splitting) as evidenced by high GCV, heritability, coheritability and genotypic correlation values. The results obtained in this seedling progeny analysis will get absolute confirmation only on completion of an adult Progeny analysis
Evaluation of the F2 generation of interspecific hybrids of Abelmoschus with reference to yellow vein mosaic resistance and yield
(Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1986) Honey Mathews; Gopimony, R
A study was conducted at the College of Agriculture, Vellayani during 1984-85 aimed at evaluating the F2 generation of interspecific hybrids between the yellow vein mosaic susceptible cultivars of Abelmoschus esculantus and the resistant semi-wild species. A manihot for yellow vein mosaic resistance and yield and selecting desirable F2 recombinants
Fruit component and seedling progeny analysis of komadan coconut types
(Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1992) Manju, P; Gopimony, R
The present study was undertaken with a view to unravel the genetic status of a coconut type, Komadan, popular in the Central Travancore region of Kerala, in relation to its origin by comparing its three generations with WCT and NCD through fruit component and seedling progeny analysis. The study revealed that the Komadan types showed significant superiority for majority of the mother palm characters especially number of bunches and spadices and number of nuts per palm per year. Number of nuts per palm per year and number of female flowers per bunch had high heritability combined with moderate to high genetic advance indicating the predominance of additive genes. Among the Komadan palms, 33 per cent were of self pollinating nature thereby occupying a position in between WCT and NCD regarding pollination system. All the Komadan palms had nuts of different shades of brown while 70 per cent of WCT palm had nuts of green shade and NCD palms had varying shades of green, olive and brown nuts indicating the distinction of Komadan as a separate group. Komadan types were superior to WCT in all seednut characters except polar diameter of nut, oil content, thickness of husk and husk/nut ratio. It behaved as a distinct type regarding thickness of meat. One or the other of the Komadan generations was found to be on par with NCD for majority of the seednut characters. Komadan types occupied an area midway between NCD and WCT based on Niu kafa-Niu vai Introgression hypothesis with a clear progression through generations towards better weight of unhusked nut. Inbreeding depression was noticed in WCT and NCD as indicated by significant reduction in embryo and kernel weight in selfed nuts compared to open pollinated nuts. In Komadan there was no inbreeding depression indicating a high degree of homozygosity. The seednuts of Komadan types showed early germination compared to WCT and NCD. Regarding seedling characters, Komadan behaved as a distinct type for total leaf area over both WCT and NCD. Number of seedlings with split leaves was also more in Komadan. This type was superior to WCT for seedling vigour index also. Estimation of prepotency based on recovery of quality seedlings showed that 40 to 60 per cent of Komadan palms were prepotent where as the same in WCT and NCD were only about 20 per cent. Analysis of petiole colour of seedlings showed that 71 to 82 per cent of seedlings among the three Komadan generations showed moderates brown colour (bronze) ; 97 per cent of WCT seedlings had different shades of green and wider variations in petiole colour were noticed in NCD seedlings. It can be concluded that the Komadan type maintained its genetic identity over generations with respect to economically important characters viz. Kernel, copra, and oil content and also in the recovery of quality seedlings which inturn reflects its prepotent nature. The collection and maintenance of typical komadan germplasm through inter se crossing and development of isolated seed gardens for large scale production of komadan seedlings are suggested as future line of work.
Genetic analysis of open pollinated seed progeny of guinea grass clones
(Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1988) Sally Joseph, V; Gopimony, R
Open pollinated seeds collected from six guinea grass clones were used for genetic evaluation of progeny through analysis of variance and covariance, coefficient of variation, heritability, genetic advance, simple correlation studies and D2 analysis. The progeny of pubescent clones were found segregating into pubescent and glabrous types indicating the possibility of producing superior hybrid guinea grass clones using glabrous the character as marker gene. The study on the mean performance of individual traits revealed the overall superiority of the mutant clone MC-16 over others in green fodder yield, tiller counts, leaf-stem ratio and dry matter yield. But MC-2, which was on par with MC-16 in green fodder yield, was found superior over MC-16 in quality characters like crude fibre content and crude protein content. The estimates of GCV and PCV were low for all characters. Among the nine characters studied the highest estimates of GCV and PCV were obtained for dry matter yield indicating scope for improvement of that character through selection. Highgest fodder yield showed positive correlation with all the other characters except leaf-stem ratio and inflorescence count. Dry matter yield was found contributing maximum towards green fodder yield. Plant height and tiller counts have also shown positive correlation with green fodder yield. The data on interrelations among different characters have shown that the different characters have shown that the different associations among tiller counts, dry matter yield, plant height, width of leaves and crude fibre content were positive. This has suggested the possibility of simultaneous improvement of these characters in a selection programme involving any one of these traits. Through divergence analysis of the six varieties were grouped into three genetic constellations with the assumption that the varieties within the cluster had smaller D2 values among themselves than varieties between the clusters. The intercluster distance was maximium between cluster II and III showing considerable genetic distance between these groups. The inflorescence count contributed maximum towards divergence followed by crude protein content, tiller counts and height of plants indicating that selection of parents differing in these characters will result in the production of divergent material.
Genetic studies in brlnjal with relation to bacterial wilt resistance
(Department of Agricultural Botany, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1983) Gopimony, R; Krishnan, Nair N
Genetic variability in brinjal germplasm
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1984) Gopimony, R; Nayar, N K; Mary K George
Genetic variability was worked out for 12 characters in brinjal germplasm of 27 varieties. Days to flower recorded ths lowest PCV and GCV indicating little scope for improvement for those characters. Percentage of fruit set showed the lowest heritability indicating a high degree of nonheritability variability. An association of high heritability and genetic advance was shown by single fruit weight, total fruit yield and equatorial diameter of fruit indicating additive gene effects.
Genomic classification of banana cultivars of Kerala
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1980) Gopimony, R
Induced mutations in interspecific hybrids of abolmochus
(Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1996) Animon, G; Gopimony, R
The F1 seeds of the cross between Abelmoschus esculentus cv Kiran and the semi- wild species, Abelmoschus manihot were exposed to four different doses (10, 20, 30 and 40 KR) of gama rays and their effects in the first generation were studied. The percentage of seed germination decreased with increasing doses of gamma rays. The treated hybrids have shown delyed germination compared to the control. The survival of plants was found to decrease with increase in dose of the mutagen. The rate of growth of plants and plant height were found to decrease by the treatment with gamma rays. Various chlorophyll and morphological varients were observed in the irradiated population. An increase in pollen fertility was noticed in the irradiated hybrids. But the increased pollen fertility did not show any effect on the seed set. Irradiation delayed the formation of flowers and fruiting. The mean values for number and weight of fruits did not differ significantly among irradiated treatments and was on par with the control F1. The treated hybrids were found to be on par with the control F1 for yellow vein mosaic disease incidence and the important diseases affecting bhindi. The hybrids irradiated at higher doses had become more susceptiable to fruit borer incidence. The hybrids represented more towards the semi-wild parent and have shown considerable heterosis over the cultivated parent and semi-wild parent for most of the economic characters. The hybrids were vigorous in growth habit compared to the parents. The hybrid treatments exhibited significant positive heterosis for days taken to first flowering and last fruiting over the cultivated parent. The hybrids treatments exhibited significant positive heterosis for number of flowers, number of fruits and weight of fruits over both the parents. Significant negative heterosis over the cultivated parent was shown for fruit length by the hybrid treatments. Significant negative heterosis over the cultivated parent for fruit borer incidence was shown by the control and the hybrids irradiated at 10 and 20 KR. All the hybrid treatments manifested significant negative heterosis over the cultivated parent for YVMD incidence. The mutagenic effectiveness in inducing chlorophyll mutations was found to increase with increase in dose of the gamma rays. The mutagenic efficiency estmated on the basis of lethality and injury increased with increase in dose of gamma rays. On sterility basis, the 30 KR treatments was the most efficient.
Induction and evaluation of genetic variability in chethikoduveli
(Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1999) Arya, K; Gopimony, R
The present study "Induction and evaluation of genetic variability in Chethikoduveli (Plumbago rosea L.) was undertaken in the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani during 1995-1998. The study was undertaken through the conduct of two experiments. (i) Germplasm collection and evaluation (ii) induction of variability. Two noded semi-hardwood cuttings of seven ecotypes of Plumbago rosea and one related species, Plumbago zeylanica were used for the first experiment. The ecotype of P. rosea from College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara was used for the second experiment. The cuttings were treated with six doses of gamma rays (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25 and 1.50 kR) and M I V I generation was evaluated. Pollen germination was not noticed in P. rosea whereas the pollen grams of P. zeylanica germinated. The germination of seeds was more quickly in scarified seeds of P. zeylanica than seeds with intact seed coat. All the pollination techniques failed to give any positive result on seed set in P. rosea. Normal pairing of chromosomes were observed in meiotic cells of both the species. All characters studied had significantly high genotypic correlation with yield. High estimates of heritability (broad sense) was observed for all characters studied. High estimates of heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for plant height and root length which indicate that direct selection for improvement of these traits will be effective. Path coefficient analysis showed that dry root yield had maximum direct effect on plumbagin content of roots and plant height had maximum direct effect on fresh and dry root yield. The index score for selection was highest for P zeylanica followed by the ecotype of P rosea from Kottayam. EDso of gamma rays for the stem cuttings of P rosea was 1.685 kR. The sprouting percentage of cuttings was significantly decreased with increased doses of mutagen. Progressive delay in sprouting was noticed as the level of dose increased. The percentage lethality was higher in mutagen treated population than in the control. The optimum dose for inducing maximum yield and yield attributing characters ranged between 0.70 kR and 0.85 kR of gamma rays. High yielding mutants were observed in plants treated with 1.0 kR of gamma rays. The highest values for yield and yield attributing characters were obtained for 0.75 and 1.00 kR gamma rays. Gamma rays at 1.0 kR was most effective in inducing variability for root yield.
Induction of mutations in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)
(Department of Agricultural Botany, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1980) Sunny K Oommen; Gopimony, R
Studies were undertaken to obtain precise information on the effects of six doses of gamma rays (5-30 krads) and seven concentrations of ethyl methanesulphonate (0.1-0.7 per cent) in cowpea, using the variety ' New Era'. The effectiveness and efficiency of different doses of the two mutagens in inducing chlorophyll mutations were estimated. (1) The germination of cowpea seeds was not affected by green rays even at the highest dose employed , whereas ethyl methanesulphonate inhibited germination and the reduction in percentage was progressive with increasing doses. (2) The survival of plants based on the number of seeds sown was reduced by both mutagens. Post germination mortality occured to a certain degree with gamma irrediation, whereas it did not occur to any considerable extent with ethyl methanesulphonate treatment. (3) A differential effect on the growth of shoot and that of root was observed with both mutagens in the present study. The growth inhibition was more for the shoot with gamma rays ,while ethyl methanesulphonate produced a higher degree of inhibition for the growth of root than for shoot.
Inheritance of fruit colour in normal and irradiated progenies of brinjal
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1980) Gopimony, R; Mary K George; Gopinathan Nair, V
The inheritance of fruit colour in brinja! (Solarium metongena) was studied by analysing the progeny belonging to the F, M2, FjM^ and F3M generations resulting from a cross between varieties insanum and purple giant followed by gamma irradiation. The F0 phenotypic frequencies fitted very well with the dihybrid ratio indicating that the fruit colour is governed by two independently inherited genes. Three colour mutants, namely, purple, mottled green and white were induced in the F]MI generation by the irradiation. The appearance of these mutants is explained as due to independent mutations at either or both of the two genetic loci. The colour pattern in the F3M., progenies derived from the F, Mj mutants substantiates the two gene mechanism for the inheritance of fruit colour. The genotypes for the different colour types in the FL, F, and FlMl mutants have been indicated and discussed.