Browsing by Author "Indira, M"

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    Assessment of soil quality in the post flood scenario of AEU 4 in Pathanamthitta district of Kerala and generation of GIS maps
    (Department of soil science and agricultural chemistry, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2020) Sumeena, K J; Indira, M
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    Effect of ammonium polyphosphate as a carrier for zinc in lowland rice
    (Kerala Agricultural University, 1997) Indira, M; Annie Koruth; Joseph, C A; Annie Koruth
    A field trial was conducted for four seasons to evaluate the efficacy of ammonium polyphosphatc (APP) for its sequestering effect of /me and to find out the optimum level of zinc for the rice crop. The results revealed the sequestering effect of APP to /.inc. Among the three levels of zinc application tried, 25 kg ZnSO4 per ha was found to be the optimum level of zinc for the rice crop.
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    Nitrogen fixation by cowpea as influenced by the stage of growth and duration of crop
    (Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry,College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1985) Indira, M; Alice Abraham
    A field experiment was conducted in the College of Agriculture, Vellayani to study the quantity of nitrogen fixed by, cowpea at various stages of growth and also to find its residual effect on a succeeding crop of fodder maize The field trial was laid out as RBD and split plot design with six replications. The study revealed that the growth characters and dry matter production of cowpea increased with increasing age of the crop. The content of plant nitrogen decreased with advancing age eventhough the total uptake of nitrogen » showed an increasing trend from 579 g/plot at the maximum flowering to 657 g/plot at the maturity stage of the crop. Uptake of other nutrients like phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium also showed an increasing trend towards the maturity stage of the crop. The ratios of these nutrients with respect to nitrogen narrowed with increase in the duration of the crop. The total residual nitrogen status of the soil recorded a gradual increase towards the maturity stage of the crop. The value increased from 0.0514 per cent at the maximum flowering stage to 0.0553 per cent at the maturity stage. The available nitrogen status of the soil at various stages of growth of cowpea remained unaltered. The quantity of nitrogen fixed by cowpea was found to be 23, 67 and 112 kg/ha at the maximum flowering, mid pod filling and maturity stages of the crop respectively. All these indicate that nitrogen fixing processes in cowpea are active during its entire growth period gaining pace after the maximum flowering stage of the plant. The highest residual effect due to nitrogen fixed by oowpea was obtained from plots where It was grown upto maturity as seen from the general growth characters and fodder production of maize. Uptake of the nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in fodder maize was also highest in plots where oowpea was grown upto maturity.The nitrogen made available from the decomposition of plant residues at any of the three stages of cowpea was always lower than that obtained from the addition of 30 kg M/ha.The highest fodder yield (20.7 t/ha) was obtained from plots which. received an additional amount of 60 kg U/ha over and above the residual nitrogen in.the soil where cowpea was grown upto maturity. The residual effect of nitrogen in the soil where cowpea was grown .upto maturity was reckoned on equivalent to the effect of 60 kg N/ha. The study has brought out the fact that maximum nitrogen gain through fixation, by growing legume crops can be achieved only if the plant is allowed to complete its full growth period.
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    Nutrient management for banana musa (AB Group) Njalipoovan in Onattukara soils
    (Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2003) Indira, M; Sundaresan Nair, C
    Banana cv. Njalipoovan is a popular variety cultivated in homesteads of Kerala. The nutritional requirement of the cultivar has not yet been worked out. Field experiments were conducted at Onattukara Regional Agricultural Research Station, Kayamkulam in Alappuzha district during 1998-99 and 1999-00 to formulate an effective nutrient management schedule for the cultivar in Onattukara soil. In addition to this a soil column study was undertaken separately to assess the leaching losses of nutrients in the soil and retention of applied nutrients at different depths. Three levels each of nitrogen at 100, 200 and 300 g plant", phosphorus at 100, 200 and 300 g plant! and potassium at 200, 400 and 600 g planr ! apart from nopoko (control) in each block were tested in confounded 33 factorial, confounding NPK in replication I and NP2K in replication H. Application of nitrogen at 300 g plant"! increased the growth attributes like height of the plant, girth of the pseudo stem, total number of leaves and number of functional leaves. Nitrogen supply at higher rates reduced the total duration of the crop, increased the LAI and leaf emergence rate, dry matter accumulation in leaves, pseudostem, rhizome 2 and bunch. Yield attributes and bunch yield increased significantly upto 300 g N planr l. The quality of the fruit was favoured by the application of higher rates of nitrogen. N supplementation at higher rates was beneficial for the uptake of N, P, K, Ca and Mg and micronutrients such as Mn, Zn and Cu. It also enhanced the available N, P, K, Ca and Mg in soil. Supply of phosphorus at 200 g plant"! increased the above growth attributes at most of the stages. LAI in the early stages of growth was favoured by P supply at high rate. Phosphorus application at 300 g plane I favoured dry matter accumulation in leaves, pseudostem, rhizome and bunch. Yield attributes and yield were high by applying phosphorus at 200 g planr ' Fruit quality was not affected by the application of P. Higher rate of P 20 5 enhanced the uptake of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and micronutrients. P nutrition increased the available Nand P content of the soil. Potassium nutrition at higher rates promoted all the above growth characters, leaf area, LAI and dry matter accumulation in different plant parts. Potassium applied at 400 g plant! favoured the yield attributes and yield of crop. Application of K20 at 600 g plane 1 yielded better quality fruits with appreciable total sugars, reducing sugars, sugar-acid ratio, pulp-peel ratio and shelf life. Higher rates of K20 enhanced the uptake of N, P, K and micronutrients like iron, manganese, zinc and copper. Potassium supply at 400 g plant! was beneficial in increasing the calcium and magnesium uptake by different plant parts. Application 3 of K20 at higher rates resulted in appreciable build up of N, P and K in the soil. The combination of N, P20S and K20 applied at 300:300:600 g plant! had appreciably increased the growth characters, yield attributes, and nutrient uptake. It was comparable to that of N, P20S and K20 at 200:200:400 g planr '. The bunch yield obtained by the application of N, P20S and K20 at 300:300:600 g plant! was also comparable with that of 200:200:400 g planr '. However, mineral nutrition of N, P20S and K20 at 200:200:400 g plane! had given the maximum benefit-cost ratio of 1.96. Therefore it can be concluded from the study that application of N, P20S and K20 at 200:200:400 g plant! is beneficial for getting higher yield and maximum economic returns.
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    Response of tomato to calcium and boron in the onattukara tract of Alappuzha district
    (Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2017) Aswathy Mohan; Indira, M