Browsing by Author "Jijeesh, C M"

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    Biopriming techniques for better germination and seedling growth of sandal (Santalum album L.)
    (Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, College of Forestry, Vellayani, 2020) Anjali, K S; Jijeesh, C M
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    Effect of seed size on the germination and seedling performance of teak (Tectona grantis Linn. f.)
    (Department of Silviculture & Agroforestry, College of Forestry, Vellanikkara, 2004) Jijeesh, C M; Sudhakara, K
    A detailed study was conducted at the College of Forestry, Vellanikkara to investigate the effect of seed size on seed characters and germination vigour and the effect of seed size and time of germination on seedling performance of teak (Tectona grandis Linn.f.) during 2001-2003. Most of the fruits were belonging the grades between 9 to 18 mm. 12-15 mm size grade recorded the highest proportion by number as well as the weight per kg of the sample lot compared to 15-18 mm, 9-12 mm and 6-9 mm grades. Size, volume and weight of the individual seeds not differed between the plantations studied. The average emptiness value of the seeds decreased with the increase in seed size. The number of empty, one, two, three and four 'true seeded' seeds increased with increase in seed size grade. The crude oil content of the true seeds ranged between 42 to 33 per cent by weight and that of soluble and total carbohydrate content ranged from 6.42 to 5.12 and 10.72 to 9.61 per cent by weight and these were found to increase with increase in size grade. The insoluble carbohydrate content of 'true seeds' was ranging from 4.5 to 3.8 per cent by weight and it varied significantly between the plantations and Cherupuzha plantation recorded the maximum amount. Protein content of the seeds ranged from 3.7 to 3.6 per cent by weight and it did not vary significantly between the plantations as well as size grades. Poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis of proteins at ph 7 gave similar banding pattern (two bands with Rm values 0.09 and 0.19) for different size grades in all the plantations. Storage of the seeds for one year significantly reduced the germination Size grade of the seeds used to conduct the nursery studies significantly influenced the germination percentage of the seeds as well as the vigour index of the seedlings. The effect of seed size grade and time of germination on seedling characters was significant at all stages of growth of the seedlings with the exception of taproot length, specific leaf area and chlorophyll a content of the seedlings. The seedlings belonging to 15-18 mm grade seeds recorded largest height, collar diameter, internodal length, length of longest lateral roots, leaf area, number of lateral roots, stem dry weight and chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content at different stages of growth. Seedlings belonging to 9-12 mm seed grade recorded the lowest values of these characters. The leaf, stem and total dry weight of the seedlings at 270 and 360 DAP were found to increase with the increase in size grade of the seeds. Seedlings belonging to 9-12 mm grade showed higher RGR and NAR values compared to that of the seedlings belonging to 15-18 mm and 9-12 mm seed grades in first to fourth week germinants. There was no definite pattern in variation of number of leaves, and root:shoot ratio among the of the seedlings due to size grade of the seeds. With regards to time of germination of the seeds, seedlings obtained from the first week germinants recorded the largest height, internodal length, collar diameter and leaf area at all the stages of growth. Other characters did not show any definite trend due to time of germination. Significant differences due to seed size was absent in all the attributes related to the growth potential of the stumps prepared from 180 days old seedlings. However, the effect of time of germination of the stumps was significant in the number of lateral and tertiary roots per stump and length of the first, second and third longest lateral root. Dry weight of the lateral roots was found to increase with the increase in seed size grade of the stumps obtained from 360 days old seedlings. With regards to time of germination, the stumps obtained from the first to fourth week germinants varied significantly in the number of sprout, length of the second sprout, number of leaves, lateral and tertiary roots per stump and length of the first, second and third longest lateral roots.
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    Impact of seed priming techniques on germination and seedling performance in sandal (Santalum album L.)
    (Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, College of Forestry,Vellanikkara, 2019) Chithra, P; Jijeesh, C M
    Santalum album L, known as the East Indian Sandalwood is a semi-root parasitic tree native to South India and it is one of the most precious and valuable among Indian forest trees. The poor rate of germination coupled with long germination period is the major constraints in the regeneration of sandal. Present study was conducted to assess the impact of seed priming techniques on the germination and seedling growth attributes of sandal at College of Forestry, Vellanikkara, Thrissur. The effect of different duration and concentration of priming agents viz. water (Hydropriming for 3, 6, 9 and 12 days), Pseudomonas fluorescens (Biopriming at 25, 50, 75 and 100% for 2, 4, 6 and 8 days), Polyethylene Glycol 6000 (Osmopriming at 5, 10, 15 and 20% for 3, 6, 9 and 12 days) and MnSO4 (Chemical priming at 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 M for 3, 6, 9 and 12 days) on seed germination and subsequent seedling growth in sandal were studied. The non- primed seeds were kept as control. Primed seeds were stored for one day and one month after the completion of priming processes and the germination and seedling growth were observed. The germination was obtained only in the seeds stored for one day after priming process and the seeds stored for one month failed to germinate. Results indicated that the hydropriming of the seeds could not improve the germination of the sandal seeds compared to control. Biopriming significantly increased the seed germination and the highest germination percentage (88%) was recorded in the seeds subjected to biopriming for 8 days at 100% concentration, which was 1.9 times higher compared to control. The highest germination recorded in osmopriming was 78%. The chemical priming with MnSO4 at different concentrations for 3 days also recorded the higher germination (88%) comparable to biopriming. Electrical conductivity was the highest in the leachates of seeds hydroprimed for 12 days (1.96 dS cm-1) and was the lowest in seeds subjected to biopriming (0.03 dS cm-1). The leachate conductivity of the seeds subjected to osmopriming treatments (1.69 dS cm-1) was comparable to that of the hydropriming treatments. Although the different concentrations and duration of MnSO4 reduced the leakage of solutes from the sandal seeds, the electrical conductivity was higher than that of the biopriming treatments. Hence, biopriming treatments were the best in reducing the leakage of solutes from the cells leading to better membrane integrity and stability. Biochemical analysis of the primed and non-primed seeds indicated that the hydropriming treatments recorded significantly lower carbohydrate, protein and crude fat content compared to control.
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    Standardisation of propagation through branch cuttings in selected bamboo species of Kerala
    (Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, College of Forestry, Vellanikkara, 2017) Sreejith, M M; Jijeesh, C M