Browsing by Author "Latha, A"

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Agro techniques for bush type vegetable cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) under open precision farming
(Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2020) Chijina, K; Latha, A
Consequences of conversion of marginal homesteads for planting rubber in Kottayam district
(Department of Agricultural Extension, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1997) Latha, A; Ranjan S Karippai
A study was conducted in Kottayam district to find out the causes and consequences with respect to the nature, extent and conversion (composite index developed from nature and extent) of marginal homesteads for planting rubber. The respondents included 200 convertors and 100 non-convertors. The study revealed that outmigration of hired labour, availability of hired labour, farming experience and perception about attributes of rubber cultivation could explain the maximum discrimination between convertors and non-convertors. Among the eighteen independent variables selected, availability of family labour and number of crops emerged as the most important factors influencing conversion. Gross cropped area and number of crops could explain the maximum variability of conversion. Net area under rubber was the factor which exerted maximum influence on other variables effecting conversion. The most important consequences of conversion expressed by convertors were outmigration of hired labour, outmigration of family labour, soil loss (erosion) based on magnitude and decrease in water availability, increase in social status and decrease in water table based on directionality. Community based land use strategy which involved production and sharing of farm produce among groups of individual homesteads based on similarity of topography, soil type, water resource dependence, local needs may become inevitable to sustain and maintain the diverse requirements of local communities in place of conversion of homesteads to monocrops like rubber alone. Rubber could only become a part of such land use systems.
Growth and yield of cashew in relation to foliar and soil nutrient levels
(Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1992) Latha, A; John, P S
An experiment on the growth and yield of cashew in relation to foliar and soil nutrient levels was conducted during 1990-'92 by making use of seedling progenies of BLA-39-4 with three levels each of N (250, 500 and 1000 g /tree /year), P (125, 250 and 500 g P205 /tree /year) and K (250, 500 and 1000 g K2O /tree /year) and one absolute control (with out NPK application ). Significant response in increasing height and number of flushes was observed only for N (500 g /tree /year) and P (250 g P205 /tree / year). Leaf N and K content at flushing , flowering and fruiting were enhanced by application on of a ll the three nutrients with maximum values at flowering . Leaf P content was enhanced by N, P and K application only at flushing and fruiting . N, P and K application also increased the chlorophyll ‘ b 1 and total chlorophyll. There was increase In N and P content of soil by N, P and K application , while K content of s oil was increased only with higher levels of K. 2 The number of panicles/m and test weight of nuts and yield were increased by the application of N, P and K. A positive significant relationship was obtained between leaf N and P contents at flowering and fruiting stages and yield . There was progressive increase in nut volume , protein content of kernels and fruit characters such as fruit weight, fruit volume and TSS of apple by N, P and K application .
Influence of light intensity and nutrient source on yield and quality of iruveli (Plectranthus vettiveroides) K.C.Jacob, N,P.Singh and B.D.Sharma
(Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture, 2013) Varun Kumar, A V; Latha, A
The study on “Influence of light intensity and nutrient source on yield and quality of Iruveli (Plectranthus vettiveroides)” was conducted during 2011-2012 at College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara. Iruveli (Plectranthus vettiveroides), is an aromatic annual herb with an escalating demand in the pharmaceutical industry worldwide due to its notified curative property against skin diseases, bronchitis, ulcers, heart attacks, chronic allergies etc. The objectives of the experiment were to study the effect of light intensity and nutrient source on yield and quality of Plectranthus vettiveroides and to standardize the nutrient source and optimum light intensity requirement of Iruveli for maximum yield and quality. The experiment, which was laid out as split plot in randomized block design with three replications consisted of different levels of light intensity and nutrient sources. Top shoot cuttings were planted at a spacing of 30 X 30 cm. Shade nets with mesh size, viz 25 and 50 per cent were used to regulate 75 and 50 per cent light intensity respectively. The sub plot treatments comprised of various source of nutrients viz. FarmYard Manure (FYM) and Biovermi (an enriched product of vermicompost with Trichoderma viridae and Pseudomonas flourescence) alone and in combination with Azospirillum and AMF and inorganic fertilizers. Inorganic sources of nutrients were urea, rock phosphate and muriate of potash for N, P and K. Light intensity had profound influence on the biometric characteristics of the crop. Light intensity level of 75 per cent had the tallest plants while open condition was found to be better, regarding the number of leaves, at 30 and 60 days after planting. Light intensity variation also influenced the root: shoot ratio and open condition proved to be the best for maximum root: shoot ratio. Maximum biomass and dry matter production was noticed in plants grown under 75 per cent light intensity. Significant difference was also noticed in the biometric characters of the plants with variation in the source of nutrients. Maximum plant height was found when it was applied with FYM +Azospirllum +AMF while combined application of Biovermi, Azospirillum and AMF was found to be better for higher leaf production, root: shoot ratio, bio mass and dry matter production. The data on nutrient contents of the plants revealed that higher nitrogen and potassium content were noticed under 75 per cent light intensity level while open condition resulted in maximum phosphorus content. Maximum nitrogen and potassium uptake were shown by the plants maintained under 75 per cent light intensity level while phosphorus uptake was maximum with open condition. Application of Biovermi alone yielded maximum nitrogen content and the plant applied with no organics recorded the maximum content of phosphorus. Highest potassium content was in plants applied with a combination of FYM and inorganic fertilizers @ 30:15:30 kg ha-1. The highest nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake were noticed in the plants applied with combination of Biovermi+ Azospirillum +AMF. Maximum amount of available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of the soil were noticed under 75 percent light intensity level while open condition showed maximum organic carbon content. Application of FYM alone gave the maximum available nitrogen content and the combined application of Biovermi, Azospirillum and AMF recorded the highest amount of available phosphorus. Highest amount of available potassium was observed with integrated nutrient application of FYM and inorganic fertilizers at the rate of 30:15: 30 kg ha-1 of NP and K and the application of Biovermi alone gave the maximum organic carbon content. Plants showed significant variation in the oil yield under varying light intensity levels. Open condition produced maximum essential oil content but oil yield was maximum at 75 per cent light intensity. Significant difference was also noticed in the essential oil content of the herb with variation in the source of nutrients used. Application of Biovermi alone recorded the maximum essential oil content and the maximum essential oil yield was noticed with the combined application of Biovermi, Azospirillum and AMF . From the results of the experiment, it can be concluded that 75 per cent light intensity and combined application of Biovermi with Azospirillum and AMF were found to be the best management practice for maximum herbage yield and essential oil content in Plectranthus vettiveroides.
Nutripriming and mat thickness on tray nursery in rice
(Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2016) Ancy, U A; Latha, A
Productivity of cashew as influenced by chlorophyll and leaf nitrogen content
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1994) Latha, A; John, P S; Mercy George; Krishnan, S
Productivity of rice in relation to nitrogen management
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1994) John, P S; Mercy George; Latha, A
Productivity of rice in relation to nitrogen management
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1994) John, P S; Mercy George; Latha, A
Soil amelioration and nutrient management of rice in kole lands
(Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2014) Shobha Rani, P; Latha, A
The study on "Soil amelioration and nutrient management of rice in Kole lands" was conducted during 2013-2014 at Ponnamutha Kole padavu of Venkitangu panchayath in farmer's field. The objective of the experiment was to study the effect of soil ameliorants and nutrients viz. K, Ca, Mg, B and Si on growth, n?trient uptake and yield of rice and to develop a nutrient management schedule for higher productivity of rice in Kole lands. The experiment was laid out in RED with three replications and there were twelve treatments comprising of soil test based nutrient package of NPK, nutrients as per Package of practice recommendations (POPR), different doses of K, individual applications of magnesium and boron, different sources of silica and combined application of nutrients and soil ameliorants. FYM, lime and silica were applied at the time of ploughing. Nitrogen was applied in three equal split doses, phosphorus as basal, potassium and boron in two equal split doses. Observations on growth characters, yield attributes and yield were recorded. Nutrient contents of plant and soil were determined using standard procedures. The growth characters of rice such as plant height, number of tillers, chlorophyll content and dry matter production were significantly improved by combined application of magnesium, boron and silica followed by application of silica as sodium silicate resulting in increased number of panicles/rrr' and number of spikelets/m/ and ultimately the yield and B:C ratio. Application of boron along with POPR also positively influenced all the yield attributing characters with highest per cent filled grains and increased yield. The nutrient content of major and micronutrients in plant Fe and Mn showed an increase over other treatments while Fe and Mn content decreased due to combined application of magnesium, boron and silica along with other nutrients as per POPR. Application of silica improved the soil nutrient status enabling increased uptake of nutrients and enhanced yield. The combined application of magnesium, boron and silica and individual application of boron and silica with POPR significantly influenced the pH, EC and available nutrient status of soil. The application of lime and silica had regulated the soil pH and decreased the Fe and Mn content of soil. The combined application of magnesium, boron and silica and individual application of silica as sodium silicate and boron along with FYM, NPK and lime as per paPR were found to be effective in ameliorating the harmful effects of Kole land soil which ultimately led to enhanced yield.
Standardization of media for tray nursery technique in rice
(Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2015) Greeshma V Mathew; Latha, A
Tillage and water saving techniques for black gram in rice fallows
(Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2017) Aisha Mol, P B; Latha, A
Utilization of biogas technology by the farmers of Palakkad
(Department of Agricultural Extension, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1990) Latha, A; Muraleedhara Prasad, R
Varietal reaction to nutrient and moisture stress in cashew (Aracardium occidentale L.)
(Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture, Vellenikkara, 1998) Latha, A; Abdul Salam, M
Five experiments were conducted at Cashew Research Station, Kerala Agricultural University, Madakkathara during 1996-98 to identify drought tolerant varieties of cashew, to study the response of cashew to applied N at different levels of drip irrigation and to assess the tolerance of cashew varieties to N, P and K deficiency in soil. The abstract of the experiments is given below. Exp. I. Varietal variation in drought tolerance The varieties H-1591, M-26/2, V-5 and M-44/3 are drought tolerant and K-22-1 is drought sensitive. Exp. II. Response of cashew to applied N at different levels of irrigation (drip) N application @ 1500 g per tree per year along with irrigation @ 80 litres per tree per day (through drip) is essential in the state of Kerala for obtaining best results from cashew. Exp . lIl. Tolerance of cashew varieties to N dificient soils The varieties H-1591 and M-2612 are efficient for N deficient soils. The N use efficiency of cashew seedlings grown under pot culture was 24.7 per cent. Exp. IV. Tolerance of cashew varieties to P deficient soils H-1591 is an efficient variety for P deficient soils. The P use efficiency of cashew seedlings grown under pot culture was 8.02 per cent. Exp. V. Tolerance of cashew varieties to K deficient soils The varieties H-1591, M-26/2 and H-1598 are efficient for K deficient soils. The K use efficiency of cashew seedlings grown under pot culture was 12.17 per cent. N, P and K absorption of a six month old cashew seedling was in the order of 151.95 mg N, 21.58 mg P and 49.48 mg K per plant with a nutrient absorption ratio of7: 1:2 (approximately). The variety H-1591 is a super variety capable of tolerating not only drought but also N, P and K deficient soils. The variety M-26/2 is capable of tolerating drought as well as N and K deficiency in soils. The variety K-22-1 is drought sensitive.
Water-nutrient interaction on productivity of groundnut
(Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture, Vellenikkara, 2003) Boopathi, T; Latha, A
A field experiment entitled "Water- nutrient interaction on productivity of groundnut" was carried out in the Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture, Kerala agricultural University, Vellanikkara during Sep-Oct (2001) to Dec-Jan (2002). The main objective of the experiment was to study the interacting influence of varying levels of moisture on the availability, absorption and their functional efficiency of applied and native elements and also to develop a comprehensive technology for high nutrient use efficiency and crop productivity. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. The main plot treatments were three frequencies of irrigations viz., irrigation at IW/CPE ratios of 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0. The sub plot treatments were five nutrient levels viz., control, 10-75-75 kg N P20S K20 ha" (Package of Practices Recommendation), 10-0-75 kg N P20S K20 ha-I, 10- 37.5-75 kgNP20s K20 ha" and 10-75-150 kgNP20s K20 ha". Results revealed that irrigation had contributed significantly to growth characters like plant height, leaf production and dry matter production at IW/CPE ratio of 0.75 or 1.0 which were on par. LA! and total chlorophyll content also showed similar pattern. The plants that received irrigation at IW/CPE ratio of 0.75 had recorded the highest pod and kernel yield. The consumptive use increased with increase in frequency of irrigation and highest Field Water Use Efficiency was recorded in h(IW/CPE=0.75) but Crop Water Use Efficiency was highest in 11 (IW/CPE=0.5). The nutrient levels did not produce considerable variation in growth characters in groundnut. The number of pegs and pods per plant were higher in FJ (10-37.5-75 kg N P20s K20 ha"), which had resulted in highest pod and kernel yield. Due to haulm: pod ratio, the treatment F3 recorded the highest harvest index. The oil yield was also highest in F3. The content of Nand P uptake was in stem and leaf was highest in F I (10- 37.5-75 kg N P205 K20 ha-I), but K content was higher in F4 (10-75-150 kg N 1>205 K20 ha-I). Irrespective of different stages of growth. Nand P content were higher in kernel compared to different plant parts of groundnut. The secondary nutrients Mg and S contents as well as their uptake was also higher in F3 (10-37.5-75 kg N P205 K20 ha-I). Fe and Mn content and uptake were higher in F2. Maximum depletion ofN, P and K content from soil was found to be in F2 and F3 which were on par. The plant which receive combination of irrigation at IW/CPE ratio of 1.0 and nutrient level of 10-37.5-75 kg N P205 K20 ha" recorded the highest pod and kernel yield as well as uptake of major nutrients. The effect of irrigation was more pronounced on nutrient concentration in different parts of groundnut towards maturity of the crop especially with respect to Ca, Mg, S, Fe and Mn. The uptake ofN, P, K, Ca and Mg increased with increase in frequency of irrigation. Fe and Mn content was low at higher frequency of irrigation. Available N content of soil increased with increase in frequency of irrigation but available P and exchangeable K of soil showed a decreasing trend with increase in frequency. Soil solution studies revealed that Nand K content of soil solution decreased . with increase in duration after the irrigation. N content was highest in lowest frequency of irrigation at field capacity. But K content was high at highest frequency of irrigation. P content could not be detected in soil solution. The content of Nand K was not consistent among different duration after irrigation. Ca and Mg content of soil solution increased with increasing duration after irrigation. But S showed decrease in trend. Ca, Mg and S content were highest in II (IW/CPE=O.5) and decreased with increase in frequency of irrigation. The result indicated that the combination of irrigation at IW/CPE of 1.0 and nutrient level of 10-37.5-75 kg N P205 K20 ha-lis found to be optimum for groundnut in terms of growth, yield an uptake of nutrients. The interference of native elements like Fe and Mn was found to be low at this level of water nutrient interaction.