Browsing by Author "Rajeevan, P K"

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Effect of growth regulators and nutrients on spike qualities of gladiolus
(Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1991) Leena Ravidas; Rajeevan, P K
Endogenous and exogenous regulation of growth and development in Dendrobium var.Sonia 17 and Sonia 28
(Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2001) Sanjeev Nair, U; Rajeevan, P K
etc. Studies on “Endogenous and exogenous regulation of growth and development in Dendrobium var. Sonia 17 and Sonia 28” were conducted in the Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara during the period from June 1999 to November 2000. The main objectives of the trial were to study the factors responsible for changes in growth and development of Dendrobium var. Sonia 17 and Sonia 28 with a view to solve field problems and to enhance production. The influence of endogenous factors indicated that the variety Sonia 17 was superior to Sonia 28 with respect to the number of shoots, number of leaves, total leaf area and number of florests, while the internodal length was more in Sonia 28. The stomatal frequency was higher in Sonia 28 whereas the stomatal size was more in Sonia 17. Increased dry weight was recorded in the third stage (keiki formation) in Sonia 17. Leaf area index, specific leaf weight and relative growth rate did not differ significantly. The chlorophyll (a, b and total) content did not show any significant differences between Sonia 17 and 28. The total phenolic content was significantly higher in Sonia 28 during the fourth stage (senescence of spike). The Concentration and uptake of all the nutrients were at par during all the stages of growth, between Sonia 17 and Sonia 28. Studies on exogenous factors revealed that Greencare (13:27:27) at 0.2 per cent level improved the in number of leaves in Sonia 28. The stomatal density and size were significantly influenced by the treatments in both the varieties. Leaf area index, relative growth rate and total dry matter production did not vary significantly, either at the emergence of shoot or at the emergence of spike. However, specific leaf weight varied significantly during Stage I (emergence of the shoot) in both the varieties. The concentration of nitrogen was significantly influenced by the treatments at the shoot emergence stage, in Sonia 17. In Sonia 28, significant differences were not observed among the treatments during both the stages of growth. Though the concentration of phosphorus was not influenced by the treatments that of potassium differed significantly among the treatments during both the stages in Sonia 17 and Sonia 28. The highest uptake of nitrogen was recorded in the treatment involving 1:10 groundnut oilcake during shoot emergence stage, in both the varieties. During spike emergence, the highest uptake was caused by 500 mg 1-1 BA in Sonia 17 and 1:10 groundnut oilcake in Sonia 28. With respect to phosphorus, in Sonia 17, the highest value during both the stages was recorded in plants treated with 0.1 per cent Greencare. In Sonia 28 the highest uptake of P at both the stages was with the treatment 1:10 groundnut oilcake. In Sonia 17 the highest K uptake was with 1:20 groundnut oilcake during the emergence of shoot while during the emergence of spike the highest uptake was with 0.1 per cent Greencare. In Sonia 28, during the emergence of shoot, the highest uptake of K was with a combination of 0.1 per cent Greencare + 1:10 groundnut oilcake whereas during the emergence of spike the highest value was recorded in plants receiving 1:10 groundnut oilcake alone. The chlorophyll and total phenolic content differed significantly in the two varieties during both the stages of growth. In Sonia 17, Greencare significantly improved the chlorophyll content at both the stages. In Sonia 28, maximum chlorophyll content during the emergence of shoot, was recorded in plants receiving 0.1 per cent Greencare, whereas, during the emergence of spike 1:20 groundnut oilcake recorded the highest value. In sonia 17, the total phenolic content at the emergence of shoot was produced by 1:10 groundnut oil cake + 0.1 per cent greencare + 250 mg I-1 BA and during spike emergence, by a combination of 0.1 per cent Greencare + 250 mg I-1 BA. In Sonia 28, at the emergence of shoot, the highest phenolic content was recorded by 500 mg I-1 BA and during the emergence of spike, by 1:10 groundnut oil cake. Studies conducted using 32 P revealed that translocation of 32 P occurred from the backbulb to the younger shoots.
Estimation of leaf area in banana var. nendran (Musa aab group) using linear parameters
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1984) Rajeevan, P K; Unnithan, V K G; Geetha, C K
Evaluation of some culinary varieties of banana
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1988) Rajeevan, P K; Indira, V; Geetha, C K; Varkey
Evaluation of tropical plant species for use as cut foliage
(Department Of Pomology And Floriculture, College Of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2003) Sindhu M Eapen; Rajeevan, P K
The investigations on the evaluation of tropical foliage plant species for use as cut foliage was conducted in the Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Horticulture, during 2001-2003, with the main objectives of evaluating the performance of the foliage species under field conditions together with their post harvest performance. Twenty-seven foliage plant species belonging to ten different families were selected for the present study. They were evaluated for their height, spread, leaf characters (length, breadth, area, longevity, interval of production, leaf yield per month) and petiole characters (length, girth) under field conditions. The post harvest performance of the cut foliage of these species was evaluated by various pulsing and holding treatments. The best of the treatments were combined and the selected species were evaluated in the combinations, also estimating the catalase activity at different stages of treatment. Cut foliages of the different species were also held at different temperatures to evaluate the influence of the temperature on the vaselife. They were packed in cartons using different lining materials (both dry and wet) and the effect of the lining materials were also evaluated. In the field conditions the species exhibited wide variation 111 their growth pattern and leaf characters. Maximu~ plant height was observed In Asparagus setaceus, a twiner, while the maximum spread was recorded 111 SchefJlera arboricola, a shrub and Nephrolepis cordifolia, a fern. Leaf length was maximum in Nephrolepis exaltata while the leaf breadth and petiole length were maximum in Cyperus alternifolius. Philodendron wendlandii recorded maximum petiole girth. Maximum leaf production was in Scirpus cernnus. Leaf area' recorded was maximum in Monstera deliciosa while SchejJl.era arboricola and Nephrolepis exaltata recorded the maximum longevity and maximum interval of leaf production, respectively. The qualitative characters of the species differed in all respects and a wide range of shape, texture, margin and pigmentation could be observed. In the post harvest evaluation for use as cut foliage, the pulsing treatments were on par and among the holding solutions, distilled water and acidified water proved to the best, thus eliminating the use of chemicals. Scoring of .foliage projected Asparagus setaceus to be the best in terms of all the characters of colour/pigmentation, shape/pattern, size and texture. The combinations indicated a significantly higher vase life of the different species in a combination of any pulsing treatment with a holding solution of either tap water or distilled water. Catalase activity reduced in the foliage when treated with hot water and increased when treated with tap water. Foliage kept in aoidified water after hot water dip showed an increase in the activity. pH in the best treatment showed a lesser increase whereas EC increased to a greater extent in the most inferior treatment. Storing at a lower temperature of 17°C proved to be better for prolonging the vase life of the foliage species, compared to ambient temperature. Packing with a wet cotton plug at the petiole end increased the vase life of the foliage although lining materials showed rio significant effect on the vase life.
Improvement of dendrobium through hybridisation and in vitro mutagenesis
(Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2000) Sobhana, A; Rajeevan, P K
Influence of corm size, depth of planting and division of corms on propagule production in gladiolus
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1995) Geetha, C K; Valsalakumari, P K; Rajeevan, P K; Sakeer Hussain, C T
Influence on the performance of selected gladiolus varieties
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1993) Leena Ravidas; Rajeevan, P K; Aravindakshan, M
The performance of five varieties of gladiolus was evaluated in two seasons. The varieties differed significantly with respect to the vegetal!ve characters, duration, spike characters, vase characters as well as corm and cormel yield in both the seasons. American Beauty excelled the other varieties in all the vegetative characters studied, in both the seasons. Blooming period was also more in this variety. In general, American Beauty and Friendship were superior in floral characters whereas Agnirekha and Mansoer Red exhibited the longest vase life. True Yellow, produced heavy comns. November planting was found to be better than April planting, in order to obtain quality spikes as well as good corm and cormel yield in gladiolus, under Kerala conditions.
Intraclonal variations and nutritional studies in banana cv. Palayankodan
(Department of Plantation Crops and Spices, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1985) Rajeevan, P K; Mohanakumaran, N
The investigations were carried out at the Banana Research Station, Kannara, during 1981-84 in the banana cv. 'Palayankodan'. Twenty four accessions were subjected to detailed analysis with respect to growth, yield and quality. The plants of the accessions differed significantly with regard to height and girth of pseudostem during the later stages of growth , both in the plant crop and in ratoon 1. Significant differences observed in the number of functional leaves were not consistent. Area of the third leaf at shooting varied significantly in all the three crops. The trend in variation between the crops, however, was not consistent. Interval of leaf production, total number of leaves produced and the density of stomata in the upper surface of the leaf lamina showed significant differences. The duration from planting to shooting in ratoon 1 alone varied significantly. The plant crop took more time than ratoon 1 and ratoon 2 to come to harvest. The content of nutrient elements in the index leaf did not exhibit significant variations. The reactionof the accessions to the important pest (rhizome weevil) and diseases (bunchytop and Sigatoke) varied considerably.
Malformation in Kodampuli (Garcinia Cambogia Desk.)
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1994) Sarah T George; Lila Mathew, K; Kesavachandran, R; Rajeevan, P K
Micropropagation and crop improvement of Cordyline (Cordyline terminalis (L.) Kunth)
(Department of pomology and floriculture, College of horticulture,Vellanikkara, 2000) Lavanya, R; Rajeevan, P K
Micropropagation of phalaenopsis
(Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1996) Jyothi, Bhaskar; Rajeevan, P K
Investigations were carried out at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory attached to the All India Co-ordinated Floriculture Improvement Project (AICFIP), College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, during 1993-96 to standardise the micropropagation technique in Phalaenopsis. Out of the different explants tried, response was shown by inflorescene stalk node, inflorescence stalk tip and pollinia collected from the field grown plants and apical bud, shoot node, basal portion, leaf and root of plantlets grown in vitro. Maximum survival (40%) of nodal explants was recorded at the sterilant combination involving mercuric chloride (0.01%) for 30 min., streptomycin + pencillin (0.01%) for 90min., followed by final sterilization using mercuric chloride (0.10%) for 10 min. For flower bud, the combination involving emisan (1.00%) for 30 min. followed by alcohol (50%) for 1 min. recorded the maximum survival percentage (55). The ½ MS liquid medium containing BA 5 ppm+ NAA 2ppm + 2, 4-D ppm + CW 15 percent recorded the minimum number of days for nodal swelling and bud development (6 and 14 days, respectively). Basal portion was found to be the best explants with respect to rate of increase in shoot number (8.00) and leaf number (7.67), followed by shoot node. The latter recorded the highest root number (7.67) at the end of 12 weeks of culturing. As to the position of explant, highest increase in the length of the buds was recorded for first node, followed by second, third and fourth. Full strength MS and KC media were far inferior to ¼ MS, ½ MS, ¾ MS and VW media, for culturing. Maximum number of shoots (5.00) and leaves (7.67) were recorded for ¼ ms AND ½ ms media after 8 weeks of culturing. Physical state of the medium, viz. liquid and semi –solid did not show any significant difference. Sucrose at 1.5 percent level recorded the maximum number of shoots and leaves after 8 weeks of culturing. Thiamine – HCL increased the shoot and leaf number at 20ppm level at the end of 8 weeks, whereas the presence did not favour the production of roots. The time taken for callusing in pollinia was minimum (2.0 days) at BA 5 ppm + NAA 2 ppm + 2, 4-D 2ppm in ½ MS medium containing 3 percent sucrose. When 90 day old pod was used, protocorm formation was observed in ½ MS medium containing BA 10ppm + NAA 1 ppm and KIN 5 ppm +2, 4-D 2ppm. When the effect of NAA was considered root production was increased at the combination NAA 5 ppm + BA 10ppm + adenine 10 ppm. With regard to the effect of BA, that at 25ppm in combination with adenine 10 ppm + NAA 1 ppm recorded maximum number of shoots and leaves. Shoot and leaf number was maximum at ¼ MS medium containing BA 20 ppm+ 2, 4-D 2.5ppm, whereas root production was maximum at BA 20ppm + 2, 4-D 5 ppm. As to the combined effect of BA, NAA and 2,4-D in ¼ MS medium, the combination BA 5ppm + NAA 2 ppm + 2,4-D 2 ppm recorded the maximum number of shoots and leaves. Different levels of KIN, was found to have no significant influence on the production of shoots, leaves and roots. When the combined effect f KIN, NAA and 2, 4-D was considered ¼ MS medium containing KIN 20ppm + NAA 2 ppm + 2, 4-D 2 ppm recorded maximum number of shoots and leaves. The apical bud did not show any multiple shoot production during the 12 weeks culture period as influenced by coconut water, whereas first node at CW 10 percent, shoot node at CW 10 per cent, shoot node at CW 15 percent, and basal portion at CW 25 percent recorded the highest number of shoots.Maximum number of leaves was produced by apical bud at CW 20 percent , first node and shoot node at CW 10 percent, and basal portion at CW 25 percent. Both tender and mature coconut water were equally effective. Fresh and upto 6 days old coconut water could also be used with similar effect. Peptone at 1000 ppm was found to influence favourably the induction of multiple shoots from in vitro shoots. Culturing the nodal explants in liquid media with filter paper bridge or keeping in the dark were found to reduce phenolic blackening. With the increase in the concentration of antioxidants, there was a proportionate reduction in media discolouration. Activated charcoal and triadimefon added in the media were found to influence the root production from shoots. Length of the root was maximum at triadimefon 20 ppm. Sucrose at 1.5 percent level recorded the minimum number of days for PLB development and the maximum number of PLB’s developed. Thiamine – HCL, coconut water, tomato juice and peptone did not significantly influence the time taken for PLB formation, but favoured the number of PLB’s developed. With regard to PLB formation from shoot node, ½ MS medium containing BA 5 ppm + NAA 2 ppm + 2, 4-D 2 ppm recorded the minimum number of days for PLB development and maximum number of PLB’s. When PLB formation from in vitro leaf was considered, cent percent of the leaf cultures developed PLB’s at the combination BA 25 ppm + adenine 10 ppm + NAA 1 ppm and the time taken for PLB formation was minimum. Cent percent of the cultures developed PLB’s from in vitro roots at BA 25 ppm + adenine 10 ppm + NAA 1 ppm and the time taken for PLB formation was minimum. Further growth of PLB’s and Plantlet development was the best in ¼ MS medium containing BA 15 ppm +NAA 1 ppm followed by adenine 8 ppm + BA 16 ppm. Regarding the effect of coconut water, PLB growth at CW 15 percent and plantlet development at CW 25 percent recorded the best results. Light favoured plantlet development, multiple shoot formation and PLB formation from shoot node and in vitro root, whereas dark period favoured early development of PLB’s from in vitro root, whereas dark period favoured early development of PLB’s from in vitro leaf, callusing and PLB proliferation. Healthy, large and robust plants were produced when plantlets were grown in 250 ml conical flask, followed by large test tubes. When the plantlets grown previously in medium triadimefon 20 ppm were hardened by spreading over sterile charcoal pieces for two weeks, planted in coconut husk and were hung in the orchidarium with high humidity, cent percent survival was recorded even after 8 weeks of planting out. The nutrient solution 30:10:10(0.50%) and 17:17:17 (0.10%) recorded the highest survival percentage after 12 weeks of planting out. The growth characters of the plants. Viz., plant height, leaf number, leaf length and width, root number and root length were found to be maximum for the plants sprayed with 17:17:17 at 0.10 percent level. The survival percentage of plants showed a slight decrease with time and all the plant characters increased with time except the number of leaves.
One hundred papers in Floriculture
(Kerala Agricultural University, 2003) Misra, R L; Rajeevan, P K; Valsalakumari, P K
Performance evaluation of anthurium (anthurium andreanum linden) under two climatic regimes
(Department of Pomology and Floriculture,College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2008) Gayathri, M N; Rajeevan, P K
Regulation of growth and flowering in dendrobium var. sonia 17
(Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Horticultutre, Vellanikkara, 2000) Swapna, S; Rajeevan, P K
Standardisation of explant for in vitro propagation in dendrobium spp .
(Department of Horticulture (Pomology, Floriculture and Landscaping) , College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1992) Lakshmi Devi, S; Rajeevan, P K
Standardisation of medium supplements for shoot proliferation in dendrobium
(Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1994) Sudeep, R; Rajeevan, P K
Standardization of growing media for dendrobiums (Dendrobium spp.)
(Department of Horticulture (Pomology & Floriculture and Landscaping), College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1989) Anitha Paul, C; Rajeevan, P K
The study was conducted at the College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, during 1988-89. The object of the study was to examine the effect of different growing media on the vegetative parameters of epiphytic orchids. Four species of Dendrobium, viz., D. farmeri, D. fimbriatum D. moschatum and D. mobile, selected based on their general performance at Vellanikkara conditions , were utilized for conducting the study. As the components of the media, five materials, viz., charcoal, brick, gravel, coconut fibre and husk, which were available locally, cheap and satisfying the growth requirements of epiphytic orchids were selected. All the possible combinations of these media, excluding their straight use , as well as the combination of all the five , were tried, thus consulting 25 treatments . The plant growth was observed based on five salient parameters recorded at monthly intervals, for seven months. There were ten plants in each treatment, from which five plants were randomly selected for taking the observations. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomised design. The result revealed that the media could significantly influence all the five vegetative characters, viz., number of new shoots, height, leaves, leaf area and number of pseudobulbs of the new shoots. In one species or other.
Standardization of growing media for dendrobiums (Qendkobium dpp.)
(Department Of Horticulture, Pomology & Floriculture and Landscaping, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1989) Anitha Paul, C; Rajeevan, P K