Browsing by Author "Shrithar Bhalaji, B K"

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    Development of high yielding phyllody tolerant varieties in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
    (Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture,Vellayani, 2024-02-12) Shrithar Bhalaji, B K; Lovely, B
    A research programme was carried at the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Vellayani during the period 2021-2023 with the objective of developing high yielding varieties of sesame with tolerance to sesame phyllody and enhanced oil content . The best performing lines identified during the previous study entitled “Potential of Sesame (Sesame indicum L.,) genotypes with respect to yield and phyllody tolerance in Onattukara Region” were used as female lines and the varieties which showed phyllody tolerance were used as male tester parents for studying the combining ability and heterosis by adopting line x tester mating design to elucidate the gene action and identify the superiorly performing crosses. The hybrids produced were subjected to hybridity confirmation using 30 polymorphic SSR molecular markers which are having more than 80% PIC values. The produced twelve F1 along with its parents were evaluated for the biometric parameters including days to first flowering , days to fifty percent flowering, number of capsules per plant, capsule length, plant height, number of primary branches, seed yield per plant, number of seeds per capsule, dry pod weight, 1000 seed weight, days to maturity, seed yield per plant and biochemical parameters for phyllody tolerance including enzyme activities of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase using experimental design randomised block design. Phyllody tolerance was phenotypically scored and the disease intensity and vulnerability index were also estimated to identify the tolerant crosses. Statistical analysis including Anova for line x tester mating design with parents and heterosis was performed using TNAUSTAT software. Significant positive GCA effects observed for capsules per plant in parent Ayali 1, capsule length in Thilathara, Ayali 1, 1000 seed weight in Thilak, seed yield per plant in Ayali 1, PO activity in Thilathara, Thilarani, Ayali 5, PPO activity in Thilathara, Kayamkulam 1 and Ayali 5. Significant specific combining ability was also observed for some characters. Significant positive heterosis was observed for the character number of primary branches in cross Thilarani x Ayali 1, capsules per plant in Thilarani x Ayali 1, capsules per plant in Thilarani x Ayali 5 and Kayamkulam 1 x Ayali 2, oil content in Thilak x Ayali 1, PO activity in Thilathara x Ayali1, Thilathara x Ayali 5, Thilarani x Ayali 2, Thilarani x Ayali 5, Thilak x Ayali 1, Thilak x Ayali 2, Kayamkulam 1 x Ayali 1, Kayamkulam 1 x Ayali 5.