Browsing by Author "Suma, A"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9

Effect of certain agronomic practices on the performance of kokkan affected nendran banana
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1992) Nybe, E V; Pushkaran, K; Suma, A; Darley Jose
The effects of certain agronomic practices on the performance of kokkan affected banana, cv. Nendran were studied at the Banana Research Station, Kannara during 1987. The results of the study revealed that the different agronomic practices such as application of K at double the recommended dose, MgSO4, fresh cowdung and neem cake snowed no significant improvement in kokkan affected plants with respect to yield, yield contributing characters and overall appearance of the bunch.
Effect of ethephon , NAA and GA on flowering and fruit set In mango (Mangifera indica L.)
(Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1987) Suma, A; Aravindakshan, M
The importance of mango as a commercial fruit crop suffers very much due to the biennial bearing habit observed among most of the superior cultivars. Another important problem faced by mango cultivators is the enormous shedding of young fruits and flowers which will result in great loss. An attempt is made here to induce flowering in mango by application of ethephon at different concentrations in the first experiment. The different concentrations of ethephon tried were 100, 200, 300 and 500 ppm along with water spray as control. These sprays were given at 15 day intervals, the first spray commencing on September 15 th 1981. The varieties tried were Banganapally, Imampasant, Mundappa and Neelum. In all the varieties tried ethrel treatment induced early flowering, the optimum concentration being 200 ppm. By the application of ethephon more number of inflorescences were produced. The optimum concentration which induced maximum flowering in Banganapally and Neelum was 200 ppm, 300 ppm in Imampasant and 100 ppm in Mundappa. The percentage of hermaphrodiate flowers and male flowers produced in a panicle were not affected by treatments. The yield of fruits were found to increase by ethephon treatment. In Banganapally and Neelum maximum number of fruits were produced by 200 ppm, while 300 ppm and 100 ppm were found best for Imampasant and Mundappa respectively, In a overall analysis maximum content of carbohydrates was observed just before flowering and it reduced gradually after flowering. A similar trend as that of carbohydrates was observed for carbohydrate/nitrogen ratio. In Experiment 11 an attempt was made to tackle the premature fruit-drop by application of NAA and GA. Their effect on initial fruit set and quality of fruits were also observed. The treatments were as follows. NAA - 0,10,20,30 and 40 ppm GA - 0,25,50,75 and 100 ppm The chemicals were applied three times at weekely intervals, the first spray commencing when the panicles were in full bloom. The varieties tried were Banganapally, Imampasant, Mundappa and Neelum. Generally GA treatments were found better in increasing fruit set and GA 100 ppm particularly proved most effective in increasing initial fruit set when compared to other treatments in all the varieties studied. Fruit drop at different stages of fruit development viz., mustard, pea, marble and pre-harvest stages were found to be effectively controlled by NAA treatments in all the varieties. Among the NAA treatments NAA 40 ppm proved to be the best treatment. Increased fruit weight was observed by application of NAA 40 ppm in all the varieties. Fruit-length was found to be increased by GA treatment while girth was found maximum for NAA 40 ppm. In all the varieties fruit quality was found to be enhanced by NAA treatments, in general, but notable effects were seen for NAA 40 ppm, the application of which resulted in maximum TSS, sugar content and Vitamin C.
Field screening of banana germplasm against kokkan disease
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1996) Estelitta, S; Suma, A; Radhakrishnan, T C
Floral biology and compatibility in gladiolus
(Department Of Pomology And Floriculture,College Of Horticulture,Vellanikkara, 1999) Jisha, V; Suma, A
Genetic diversity and combining ability in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
(Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2017) Suma, A; Elsy, C R
Assessment of genetic diversity is the key tool in any crop improvement and germplasm management programme. Evaluation of genetic variation will help to provide valuable information about new sources of genes. The studies on combining ability and heterosis can support utilization of promising lines in further crop improvement programmes. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. 2n= 2x= 14) is an indigenous vegetable crop of India. Even though rich diversity for cucumber is available in India, studies on genetic diversity of this crop are scanty. Therefore, the present project was proposed to explore genetic diversity in cucumber using morphological and molecular markers and to study combining ability and heterosis in selected genotypes. Morphological characterization of 50 accessions of cucumber revealed presence of significant difference among accessions for majority of vegetative, floral and fruit characters. Mean days to first male and female flower opening was 36 and 43 days respectively. Majority of the accessions possessed elliptical elongated fruits with light green skin colour and white flesh colour. Sixteen accessions exhibited significantly higher fruit length than AAUC-2, the standard check, the maximum being exhibited by IC613472 (20.85 cm). Accessions with oblong ellipsoid fruits possessed higher fruit diameter. Mean fruit weight showed high variability among accessions with a range of 33 g to 343 g. Fourteen accessions exhibited significantly high yield than AAUC-2. Number of fruits per plant, yield per plant, loss of weight during storage and sex ratio showed high values for all the genetic parameters studied. IC613481 was the promising genotype identified in morphological characterization, followed by IC613480. Cluster analysis grouped accessions into seven distinct clusters based on the level of similarity in quantitative characters. Random grouping of accessions into various clusters indicated absence of parallelism between genetic diversity and geographical diversity. Cluster II and III were the largest clusters, with 14 accessions each and Cluster V and VI, the smallest ones with single accession each. Results of Principal component analysis revealed that first three principal components, with Eigen values more than unity accounted for 85.80 per cent of cumulative variance, contributed by fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter and days to first harvest. The diversity analysis of the accessions was done using DIVA-GIS by generating grid maps. The results of the study indicated that highly diverse accessions with respect to the selected characters were sourced from Mizoram, Tripura and West Bengal. Molecular characterization revealed high level of genetic distinctness between genotypes. SSR11742 and AF202378 were found to be highly polymorphic markers, with high polymorphism information content and number of polymorphic bands. In-depth evaluation of selected 22 genotypes revealed significant difference for all fruit characters except days to last harvest and harvest duration and further revealed the superiority of IC613480. Evaluation of 15 hybrid combinations developed through half diallel mating design and their parents indicated presence of significant difference among parents and hybrids for various characters studied. Among the parental genotypes, IC613480, exhibited significantly high GCA effects for fruit length, number of fruits per plant and yield per plant whereas IC595508A, for fruit weight and loss of weight during storage, and IC613485 for fruit diameter, thus proving to be promising parents for accumulating genes for these characters. The hybrids, IC613480 x IC595508A and IC613480 x IC613471 showed significant SCA effects for yield per plant and sex ratio. IC613480 x IC613471, IC613480 x IC595508A and IC613471 x IC595508A were exhibiting significantly high relative heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis for number of fruits per plant and yield per plant. IC613480 and IC613485 were the most promising genotypes identified from the study whereas IC613480 x IC613471 was the most promising hybrid based on SCA effects, heterosis, per se performance on yield contributing characters and organoleptic qualities. This hybrid showed high fruit length (17.01 cm), yield per plant (2163.45 g), number of fruits per plant (11.43) and sex ratio (0.11). IC613480 x IC613476 and IC613485 x IC595508A were the other promising hybrids.
Light and fluorescent microscopic studies on kokkan disease of banana (Musa aab Nendran)
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1996) Estelitta, S; Suma, A; Gregory Zachariah; Pradeep, K P
Pigments in kokkan affected banana
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1993) Sarah T George; Estelitta, S; Suma, A; Pradeep, K P
Regulation of flowering and post harvest behaviour of tube rose (Polianthes tuberosa L.)
(Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2001) Shiji K Itty; Suma, A
A study was undertaken at the College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikkara, Thrissur during the year 1998-2000 to determine the effect of bio regulators on the growth and flowering of tuberose. Experiments were also conducted to standardize pulsing and holding solutions in tuberose. The treatments, In general, significantly influenced all the morphological, floral and bulb characters. The height reduction was found to be maximum with paclobutrazol 100 ppm applied at 60 DAP and 200 ppm applied 30 DAP. Highest plant spread was given by CCC bulb dip treatment. Paclobutrazol and BA bulb dip caused a significant increase in the number of leaves. Bulbs dipped in CCC 1000 ppm, BA 50 and 100 ppm produced longer leaves, when compared to control. Maximum tiller production was noticed in bulbs treated with CCC 1000 ppm. But, in later stages of growth, BA 50 'ppm applied 60 days after planting gave more tillers. Paclobutrazol applied 60 DAP, reduced the days required for the emergence of spike. Paclobutrazol 200 ppm applied 60 DAP recorded earlier floret opening, while, BA showed delayed opening. Longer spikes were produced by BA treatments. The longest rachis was obtained with paclobutrazol 200 ppm applied at flowering. In the case of number of florets per spike, paclobutrazol applied as bulb dip was found to be the best. Size of the floret was improved by the paclobutrazol applied at flowering. Petiole length was increased by BA 100 ppm applied at 60 DAP. However, longevity of floret in the field was not affected significantly by the treatments. Best result in the case of longevity of spike in the field, was given by paclobutrazol 100 ppm applied 60 days after planting. Vase life of the spike was found to be more with CCC 1000 ppm bulb dip. Bulb size was improved by BA 50 ppm applied at flowering. Bulbs treated with CCC 500 ppm, resulted in more number of small sized bulb and bulblets, while, the weight of bulb was found to be more with plants treated with BA 50 ppm 60 DAP. Bulblet size was more in plants treated with paclobutrazol 100 ppm 30 DAP and weight of bulblets was maximum with BA 50 ppm bulb dip treatment. Treatment with 8 HQS 250 ppm, pulsing solution took maximum days for complete opening of florets. Total water uptake was found to be maximum in spikes, pulsed with AgN03 100 ppm. Vase life was the maximum with AgN03 50 ppm pulsing. Minimum Electrolyte leakage was noted with AgN03 100 ppm. Fresh weight of the spike was found to be maximum with pulsing solution sucrose 15 per cent and holding solution sucrose 4 per cent. Maximum number of days taken for each floret to open was recorded by 8 HQS 500 ppm and 400 ppm. Spikes in AgN03 100 ppm and sucrose 2 per cent took maximum days for complete opening of florets. Number of florets opened at a time, was more with 8 HQS 400 ppm. Total water uptake was significantly influenced by pulsing with sucrose 10 per cent and kept in holding solution AgN03 0.25 mM. Vase life was more in spikes. pulsed with AgN03 50 ppm and put in holding solution AgN03 0.25 mM. Minimum electrolyte leakage was recorded with 8 HQS 500 and 400 ppm.
Weed management in banana cv. nendran with cowpea as an intercrop
(Kerala Agricultural University, 1991) Nybe, E V; Abraham, C T; Suma, A