PG Thesis
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Item Comparative analysis of public distribution system in Kerala and Andhra Pradesh(Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture ,Vellayani, 2024-05-20) Dhanaswi Vasipally; Paul Lazarus, TThe present study “A Comparative Analysis of Public Distribution System in Kerala and Andhra Pradesh” was aimed to study the production and procurement of food grains in Kerala and Andhra Pradesh, analyze consumer satisfaction towards food grains distributed through the Public Distribution System (PDS) and study the constraints in the implementation of PDS. For the present study, a purposive cum random sampling technique was adopted. It was conducted in Tirur block of Malappuram district of Kerala state and Nellore rural of Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh state. The study used both primary and secondary data to achieve the objectives of the study. The primary data were gathered from respondents by personal interview technique using a well-structured schedule. A total of 240 respondents, 120 from Kerala state and 120 from Andhra Pradesh state were selected randomly from two grama panchayats of Tirur block and Nellore rural block. The secondary data on the area, production and productivity of food grains were obtained from the Department of Civil Supplies and Consumer Affairs of Government of Kerala and Consumer Affairs, Food and Civil Supplies of Government of Andhra Pradesh, Food Corporation of India and Supplyco. The data collected was analyzed to attain the stated objectives using Percentage analysis, Cross tabulations, Likert scaling technique, Compound annual growth rate (CAGR) and Garrett’s ranking technique. In rice, a higher growth rate was in area observed in Andhra Pradesh (1.00%) when compared to Kerala (0.99%). When compared to Andhra Pradesh, a higher growth rate in production of 1.03 per cent was observed in Kerala. The growth rate of productivity was 1.01 per cent in both Kerala and Andhra Pradesh respectively. On analysis, the study revealed that the majority of respondents belonged to the age group of 30- 50 years in both Kerala and Andhra Pradesh. The majority of the respondents in both Kerala (71.67%) and Andhra Pradesh (56.67%) were female. The majority of the respondents in both Kerala (81.67%) and Andhra Pradesh (80%) were married. About 46.67% and 60.83% of respondents were educated up to below SSLC in Kerala and Andhra Pradesh. Occupation status revealed that the majority of respondents (79.17%) family heads in Kerala were others i.e., housewives, working as private employees, etc., as well as in Andhra Pradesh (59.17%) family heads were having the occupation of employed for wages. The majority of the respondents (69.17%) had an annual income of (below 15,000) in Kerala and (46.67%) had an annual income of (25,000-1,00,000) in Andhra Pradesh. The majority of the respondents belonged to the Hindu religion in both Kerala (80%) and Andhra Pradesh (100%). Majority of the respondents belonged to OBC and SC in Kerala (72.5%) and Andhra Pradesh (35.83%) respectively. The majority of the respondents belonged to nuclear families with dependents in both Kerala (61.67%) and Andhra Pradesh (58.33%). Majority of the respondents had own houses in Kerala (97.5%) and Andhra Pradesh (94.17%). The majority of the respondents belonged to family size less than 4 in both Kerala (46.47%) and Andhra Pradesh (94.167%). The majority of the respondents had roofed houses in both Kerala (91.67%) and Andhra Pradesh (65%). The majority of the respondents belonged to pink cards and white cards in Kerala (41.67%) and Andhra Pradesh (100%) respectively. The average quantity of rice, wheat atta and sugar purchased by BPL cards in Kerala (20.61kg, 2.175 kg and 1 kg) is more when compared to Andhra Pradesh (19.37 kg, 1 kg and 0.5 kg). Major constraints faced by the respondents was improper functioning of the POS machine in Kerala with a Garrett score of 68.29 and shortage of food grains in Andhra Pradesh with a Garrett score of 71.29. Based on the findings the study recommended the following policy suggestions 1. To enhance overall satisfaction of E-POS, it is essential to improve service quality through staff training, internet connectivity and SMS messaging services, providing OTP whenever biometric identification failed. 2. The quality of food grains in both states has to be improved because only 35% of respondents felt that quality is good whereas majority were undecided. 3. Spreading awareness is essential among the public about the allocated ration according to the size of their families. 4. Adding coarse cereals such as jowar and ragi, along with pulses like redgram and green gram, to the poverty line basket is recommended, as the residents of some districts in Andhra Pradesh state like Rayalaseema region and some other districts favor these coarse cereals in their diet. 5. In Andhra Pradesh, redgram is distributed in some districts only it should be given for other districts also and need to be implemented in Kerala state. 6. Minor millets have to be procured in both states and sugar has to be procured in Andhra Pradesh. 7. An increase in the amounts of wheat flour and sugar is necessary, given that the current distribution levels through the PDS are insufficient to meet the demands of households. 8. In Kerala, Government will send SMS notifications to beneficiaries in advance and after purchase of food grains informing them about the availability of PDS supplies so it should implemented in Andhra Pradesh also so it can help recipients plan efficiently and minimize the need for repeated visits to Fair Price Shops. 9. There is a need to extend the operating days of Fair Price Shops in Andhra Pradesh because in Kerala shops will be open all the days except Sunday from 8am to 12 noon and 4pm to 7pm whereas in Andhra Pradesh first 15 days of the month only it will open. 10. A thorough evaluation of specific areas' requirements should be conducted based on cards, enabling the Public Distribution System (PDS) to guarantee a sufficient supply of essential commodities. 11. The government needs to buy more from its agencies and include small farmers to ensure fair prices and good returns on their investments. Strengthening the procurement network is essential for this purpose. 12. In Kerala, APL cards also issued whereas in Andhra Pradesh they are not issued so with some rules and regulations APL cards may be reintroduced in Andhra Pradesh. 13. In Andhra Pradesh, mobile dispensing unit (MDUs) for door delivery of ration supplies is implemented where as in Kerala it should be implemented so that old aged people will be benefited.