PG Thesis
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Item Standardisation of shade requirement in dendrobium(Department Of Pomology And Floriculture, College Of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2001) Sheron Fernandez; Sobhana, AAn experiment was carried out in the Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, during 2000-2001, to standardize the shade requirement for Dendrobium variety Sonia Born J 0 and Renappa. The effect of different levels of shade on the morphological characters, flower production and quality of flowers were assessed. Results revealed that the different levels of shade significantly influenced the morphological characters of the plant, viz., plant height, shoot production, internodal length, leaf production and leaf area. Maximum plant height was obtained for fifty per cent double level shading. With respect to shoot production, 25 and 35 per cent double levels of shade performed better. The length of the internode was maximum for 50 per cent double level shading. Highest leaf production was noticed in 35 per cent double level shading which was statistically on par with 50 per cent double level of shade. Flower quality and flower production were markedly influenced by shade. Earliness in flowering was observed for those treatments receiving more light condition. Twenty five per cent single level shading was the earliest to flower in the group, while the longevity of the spike on the plant was more in 50 per cent single and double levels of shade. Vase life was significantly high in 25 per cent (15.50 days) and 50 per cent (14.88 days) double levels of shade. Longest spike was obtained in 50 per cent single level shading, while the length of the rachis was maximum in 50 per cent double level shading. Fifty per cent single level shading was distinctly superior to all other treatments with respect to the number of flowers per spike. Maximum spike production was noticed in 25 per cent double level shading. Anthocyanin content in flowers was found maximum under 50 per cent double level shading. Total chlorophyll and its components 'a' and 'b' in the leaf were significantly influenced by the different shade levels. Highest content of chlorophyll 'a' was obtained in 50 per cent double level shading, while chlorophyll 'b' and total were maximum for thirty five per cent double level shading. Dry matter accumulation was maximum under 25 per cent double level shading. Nutrient content within the plant indicated an influential effect of shade. Total nitrogen and phosphorus content were maximum in fifty per cent double level shading. Thirty five per cent single level shade had maximum potassium content. A similar trend was observed in the uptake of nutrients also.Item Supplementry effect of biofertilizers in dendrobium(Department Of Pomology And Floriculture, College Of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2003) Binisha, S; Jyothi BhaskerStudies on "Supplementary effect of biofertilizers in Dendrobium" were carried out in the orchidarium of All India Co-ordinated Floriculture Improvement Project, Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara during the period from July 2002 to August 2003. The study was conducted using Dendrobium var. Sonia 17, with the main objective of determinjng the effect of biofertilizers on growth and flowering of Dendrobium in combination with inorganic fertilizers. Results revealed that, different treatments involving combinations of biofertilizers and inorganic fertilizers highly influenced the growth characters of the plant. The plant height obtained was the highest for NPK 10:5:10 along with Azospirillum. This treatment also improved vegetative characters like number of leaves per plant, number of leafy shoots, girth of shoot and internodal length. Maximum number of pseudobulbs was obtained for the treatment receiving NPK 10:5: 1 0 inoculated with Azospirillum and phosphobacteria at the time of planting. Root characters and dry matter production were markedly influenced by biofertilizer treatments. Root length and root number were found to be the highest for the treatment receiving 20: 1 0: 1 0 NPK along with Azospirillum, phosphobacteria and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi. These three biofertilizers along with 10:5: 10 NPK yielded the highest root volume. Dry matter production at the time of flowering was markedly influenced by biofertilizer application. Treatment receiving 20: 1 0: 1 0 NPK along with Azospirillum and phosphobacteria recorded the highest value for dry matter production. Plants. which were inoculated with Azospirillum at the time of planting and sprayed with 20: 1 0: 1 0 NPK at 0.2 per cent concentration, came to flowering early, produced larger flowers, lengthy spikes and more number of flowers per spike. Number of spikes per plant, colour variation, spike internodal length, pedicel length and longevity of spike on the plant were not found to be influenced by biofertilizer application. Significant incidence of pests and diseases were not noticed during the period under study. Nutrient content in the plant was found to be influenced by the biofertilizers applied. The plants inoculated with, both the biofertilizers, Azospirillum and phosphobacteria and sprayed with 20:10:10 NPK at 0.2 per cent concentration recorded higher values for the nutrients analysed. The microbial population estimated at the post-experimental stage recorded ,- the presence of Azospirillum and phosphobacteria even after 12 MAP in soil less media but AMF spores were found to be absent. From this trial conducted, an indication is obtained that, Azospirillum and phosphobacteria can survive in a soil less media and these biofertilizers in combination with inorganic nutrients can improve both vegetative and flowering characters in orchid. This piece of information can be very well utilized for carrying out further studies in this line, so that an economically feasible and eco-friendly nutrient formulation can be developed for the. benefit of the orchid growers.