PG Thesis
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Item Preliminary studies on the nitrogen potassium boron and molybdenum requirements of cowpea (Vigna unguiculapa) variety new era(Division of Agronomy, Agricultural college and research institute, Vellayani, 1967) Vijayakumar, N; George, C MA field experiment was laid out in the farm attached to the Agricultural College and Research Institute, Vellayani during 1967 to study the effect of nitrogen, potassium, boron and molybdenum on cowpea variety , 'New Era'. The compared three levels of nitrogen ,0,10 and 20kg. per hectre, 3 levels of potassium 0,20 and 40 kg. per hectare, 2 levels of boron as 0 and 10kg. Borax per hectare and two levels of molydenum as 0 and 1 kg. Sodium molybdate per hectare.Item Nutritional requirement of pre-release sesamum culture 42-1 in garden land(Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1987) Raveendran Nair, P; Chandrasekharan, PA 4 raise to 3 fatorial experiment confounding NPK (3 df) totally in replication I and II was conducted under garden land condition at the Instructional Farm, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, during semirabi season 1984, to study the effect of graded doses of nitrogen (10, 30, 50 and 70 kg/ha), phosphorus (5, 15,25 and 35 kg P2O5/ha) and potassium (10, 30,50 and 70 kg K2O/ha) on the growth , yield , quality, content and uptake of mineral nutrients and also to work out the economics of production with the pre-release sesamum culture 42-1 (now released as Soorya or ACV-2). The study revealed that application of nitrogen significantly influenced growth , yield and yield attributing characters. Phosphorus and potassium produced significant influence on number of leaves and leaf area index on 40 and 60 days after sowing. Significant effect of phosphorus was also observed on number of branches, pod-seed ratio, bhusa yield, thousand seed weight and total dry matter production. Applied potassium significantly influenced the yield and yield attributing characters like number of pods , weight of pod per plant, pod seed ratio, seed yield and harvest index.Item Development of stabilised population of cowpea segregants(Vigna unguiculata (L.) walp.) with high protein content and grain yield(Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2019) Ashni Varghese; Jiji JosephCowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is an important pulse crop providing good source of protein and often referred to as poor man’s meat. It is a versatile crop, of which seeds are utilised as pulse, green pods as vegetable, leaves as forage and helps in restoring soil fertility. Many reports have indicated protein content of more than 30 per cent in certain cowpea genotypes, but at the cost of yield. Hence, the present study was proposed to develop cultures with high grain yield and protein content. The present study was conducted at Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Horticulture during 2017-2019. Twenty three lines with high yield and protein content in the F3 generation of two cowpea crosses H10 (Anaswara X PKB 3) and H11 (Anaswara X PKB 4) identified in previous studies formed the working material. These lines were evaluated in F4, F5 and F6 generations and pedigree selection was performed to select superior plants. Observations were recorded on 12 characters viz. plant height, number of branches, days to first flowering, days to first harvest, days to last harvest, number of pods per plant, length of pod, pod weight, number of seeds per pod, hundred seed weight, grain yield per plant and protein content. The F4 generation of both the crosses exhibited lower mean value for most of the characters than the parent Anaswara, but recorded moderate to high variance and range. Higher mean value was observed for days to first flowering, first harvest, last harvest, number of branches and protein content. Genetic parameters indicated that GCV was moderate for length of pod, number of seeds per pod, and hundred seed weight and high for grain yield per plant. High heritability coupled with moderate to high genetic advance was recorded for number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, hundred seed weight, and grain yield. Correlation studies in F4 generation revealed that grain yield was positively correlated with plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, length of pod, pod weight, number of seeds per pod and test weight. There was non-significant correlation between grain yield and seed protein content. Further path analysis confirmed that high positive direct effect on grain yield was given by pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and hundred seed weight. Based on these observations, characters like number of pods per plant, hundred seed weight and number of seeds per pod were simultaneously included along with grain yield for setting selection criteria to select superior individual plants. Based on these set criteria, 13 individual plants from cross H10 and 10 plants from cross H11 were selected and forwarded to F5 generation. In F5 generation, mean values for number of branches, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and protein content were higher than that of Anaswara with sufficient variance and range. GCV was moderate for number of branches, length of pod, pod weight, hundred seed weight and grain yield per plant. High heritability with moderate to high genetic advance was recorded for number of pods per plant, length of pod, pod weight, number of seeds per pod, hundred seed weight and grain yield. Based on the segregation pattern observed, the plants were grouped into two different categories - one with medium long pods and small seeds closely packed within the pod and the other type with long fleshy pods and bold seeds. Hence, separate selection criteria was developed for both the types comprising of characters like number of pods, number of seeds per pod, pod length, hundred seed weight, grain yield and protein content. Based on these set criteria, five individual plants from cross H10 (one type 1 and four type 2) and 17 plants from cross H11 (five type 1 and twelve type 2) were selected and forwarded to F6 generation. In F6 generation, mean value was higher than Anaswara for number of pods per plant but lower for plant height, days to first flowering, days to first harvest, days to last harvest, pod length and hundred seed weight. For other characters, mean value was comparable to Anaswara. Moderate GCV value was recorded for length of pod, pod weight and hundred seed weight. High heritability with high genetic advance was recorded for length of pod, pod weight and hundred seed weight. Separate selection criteria was developed for the two categories of plants and total five individual plants were selected, one from cross H10 and four from cross H11. The selected plants from F6 generation were subjected to organoleptic evaluation to find its suitability to be used for vegetable purpose. Three plants of type 2 and one plant from type 1 were found promising. The identified lines, H11-3.9-1-7-13-7, H11-3.9-1-1-18-13, H11-49.7-1-8-10-15, H10-71-16-1-9-15-12, and H11-2-20-3-14-16-12 can be evaluated in replicated yield trials and tested for stability over locations and seasonsItem Nutritional requirement of the sesamum variety Thilothama in partially shaded uplands(Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1985) Girija Devi, L; Chandrasekharan, PAn experiment was conducted in the red loom soils of the Instructional Farm, College of Agriculture , Vellayani during 1983 to study the effects of three levels of nitrogen (0, 20 and 40 kg N/ha), three levels of phosphorus (0, 15 and 30 kg P2O5/ha) and three levels of potassium (0,20 and 40 kg K2O/ha) on the growth, yield, oil and protein content and chemical composition and uptake of mineral nutrients of sesamum. The field trial was laid out as a 3 factorial experiment confounding NPK in replication - 1 and NP2K2 in replication-2.Item Magnesium sulphate fertilization for yield enhancement in direct seeded rice(Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2018) Daly George; Girija Devi, LItem Growth and yield of rice as influenced by potassium and kinetin(Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1988) Sakeena, I; Abdul Salam, MWith a view to study the effect of potassium and kinetin on growth, asssim iiate partitioning, nutrient uptake and yield of a short duration rice variety Triveni, an experim ent was conducted at the Cropping Systems Reasearch C entre, K aram ana, Trivandrum during summer 1987. The soil of the experim ental field was sandy loam, acidic in re action, low in available nitrogen and potassium and medium in available phosphorus. The treatm en ts consisted of a factorial combination of 4 levels of potassium (0, 17.5, 35 and 70 kg K20/ha) and 4 levels of kinetin (w a te r1 spray, 10 ppm kinetin at flowering, 10 ppm kinetin at 10 DAF and 10 ppm kinetin at flowering and again at 10 DAF). The experiment was laid out in a randomised block design with three replications. An abstract of the results is given below. The effects of potassium and kinetin were synergestic on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of rice and a combination of 35 kg K2O/ha plus a single spray of 10 ppm kinetin at 10 DAF was optimum. Both potassium as well as kinetin application prevented the accum ulation of carbohydrate and proteins in the ’source' and enhanced their accum ulation in the econom ic 'sink'. Their interaction effect was also favourable in this respect and 35 kg K20 /h a plus a single spray of 10 ppm kinetin at 10 DAF was optimum.