1. KAUTIR (Kerala Agricultural University Theses Information and Retrieval)
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Item Fertiliser management in cassava- Groundnut intercropping system(Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1985) Bridgit, T K; Sreedharan, CAn experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Mannuthy, to study the effect of levels of N and time of application of N and K in a cassava- groundnut intercropping system. This 2x2x4 factorial experiment was laid out in randomized Block design with three replications under rainfed conditions. The study revealed that intercropping cassava with groundnut enhanced the growth parameters of cassava at all stages of growth. Yield attributes, yield and total drymatter production of cassava were also increased by intercropping. The quality characters like drymatter starch and crude protein content of tubers were improved by intercropping. Hundred percent recommended dose of N increased the growth, yield and quality over 75 percent of the recommended dose. Among the time of application T3 (15, 75 and 120 DAP) has given the highest tuber yield (21.92t ha-1) followed by T1 (15,60 and 90 DAP) of 21.65 t ha-1. T4 (basal, 60 and 90 DAP) which is the recommended dose recorded the lowest yield of 17.9 t ha-1. A comparatively higher utilization index was obtained with intercropping and higher level of N (75kg ha -1). T1 andT1 and T3 recorded more UI values than T2 and T4. The nutrient content as well as up take in cassava was increased by legume intercropping and higher levels of N. T1 and T3 recorded more nutrient content in different plant parts as compared to T2and T4. The fertility status of the soil was improved by intercropping and levels of N. Yield of ground nut was influenced by higher levels of N. Yield of groundnut was influenced by higher levels of N and time of application of N and K to cassava.T2 and T4 recorded more yield. Nutrient content and up take of bhusa was not influenced by levels of N and time of application of N and K. Maximum LER was seen in sole cassava plot when N and K was given at 15,75 and 120 DAP while in intercropped plot it was highest when N and K were given at 15,60 and 90DAP. Income from cassava cultivation was increased by intercropping with groundnut application of N and K at 15, 75 and 120DAP. Groundnut can be intercropped successfully with cassava under Kerala condition and a substantial quantity (25 per cent) of fertilizer nitrogen required by the main crop could be saved by this practice. For getting better fertilizer use efficiency of applied N and K fertilisers, 1st dose should be applied at 15 DAP of cassava instead of the now recommended basal Dose. Second dose can be extended up to 75 days of planting and the last dose up to 120 DAP so as to coincide with the harvest of the intercrop and the earthing up of cassava.Item Studies on foliar diagnosis, yield and quality of Tapioca (Manihot utilissima Pohl.) in relation to nitrogen and phosphorus(Division of Agricultural Chemistry, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Vellayani, 1968) Vijayan, M R; Subramonia Aiyer, NAn investigation was carried out at the Agricultural College and Research Institute, Vellayani during the year 1966-68 to evolve a suitable diagnostic technique for the nutritional status of nitrogen and phosphorus in two varieties of tapioca (M-4 and H-105) by foliar analysis. The response of the two varieties to graded doses of nitrogen (0.75 and 150 kg. N/ha.) and phosphorus (0.50 and 100 kg. P2O5/ha.) and their interaction in relation to the pattern of uptake, yield and quality of tubers were also investigated. Potassium and calcium were kept constant at 250 kg and 1200 kg. per hectare respectively. A split - plot experiment in R.B.D. with three levels each of nitrogen and phosphorus in factorial combinations as major treatments and with the two varieties as minor treatments, was laid out. Leaf leminae and peticles each grouped into three morphological categories. were used for testing the suitability for the diagnostic analysis. The plant part thus standardised (reflect) was analysed at three stages of growth for nutrient content. Biometric observations were recorded at three stages of growth. Yield components and quality factors of tuber were assessed in relation to nutrition of the plants.Item Varietal suitability and crop geometry of baby corn (Zea mays L.) in coconut garden(Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, vellayani, 2016) Dona Scaria; Rajasree, GThe experiment entitled “Varietal suitability and crop geometry of baby corn (Zea mays L.) in coconut garden” was undertaken at the Coconut Research Station, Balaramapuram, Thiruvananthapuram, during the summer season (March to May) and the Kharif season (August to October) of 2015. The main objectives of the study were to understand the feasibility of introducing baby corn as intercrop in coconut garden, to assess the effect of varieties and spacings on its growth and productivity and to work out the economics of cultivation. The field experiment was laid out in Randomised Block Design with 9 treatments replicated thrice. The treatments comprised of combinations of three varieties and three spacings. The three varieties were Rasi 4212 (V1), G 5414 (V2) and CO-6 (V3) and the three spacings were 30 cm x 20 cm (S1), 45 cm x 20 cm (S2) and 60 cm x 20 cm (S3). The variety G 5414 recorded significantly higher baby cob weight with husk of 47.01 g cob-1 and 35.74 g cob-1, cob yield with husk of 10.97 t ha-1 and 9.98 t ha-1 and marketable baby cob yield of 3.67 t ha-1 and 3.36 t ha-1 in summer and Kharif respectively. This variety took less number of days from tasseling to harvest (2.11) and recorded the highest net income of RS. 133698 ha-1 and RS. 116629 ha-1 and B:C ratio of 2.70 and 2.49 in summer and Kharif seasons respectively. The variety G 5414 was followed by CO-6 in producing higher baby cob yield with husk and marketable baby cob yield. The growth attributes viz., plant height, number of leaves and leaf area index (LAI) at 15, 30 and 45 days after emergence (DAE), dry matter content and light interception were significantly higher for the variety CO-6. Green Stover yield was significantly higher for CO-6 (19.39 t ha-1 and 17.86 t ha-1 in summer and Kharif respectively) followed by G 5414 (16.08 t ha-1 and 14.35 t ha-1 in summer and Kharif respectively). The study revealed that spacing significantly influenced the growth attributes viz., plant height, number of leaves and LAI. The row spacing of 45 cm x 20 cm recorded the highest baby cob yield with husk of 10.90 t ha-1 and 9.63 t ha-1, marketable baby cob yield of 3.49 t ha-1 and 3.24 t ha-1 along with the highest net income of RS. 125839 ha-1 and RS. 114287 ha-1 and B:C ratio of 2.69 and 2.55 in summer and Kharif respectively. Baby cob weight with husk was significantly higher at 45 cm x 20 cm and baby cob-baby com ratio was the most desirable at 30 cm x 20 cm in summer. In summer, the interaction of CO-6 at 45 cm x 20 cm recorded the highest baby cob weight with husk (56.25 g cob-1), marketable baby cob yield (4.21 t ha-1) and B:C ratio (3.16). Net income was the highest with G 5414 at 45 cm x 20 cm and was on a par with CO-6 at 45 cm x 20 cm. In Kharif, CO-6 at 45 cm x 20 cm resulted in the highest baby cob yield with husk (11.16 t ha-1), marketable baby cob yield (3.68 t ha-1), net income (RS.145237 ha-1) and B:C ratio (3.03). The variety G 5414 at 45 cm x 20 cm was on a par with the variety CO-6 at 45 cm x 20 cm with respect to baby cob yield with husk (9.91 t ha-1) and marketable baby cob yield (3.49 t ha-1). The study revealed that, among the varieties tested, the variety G 5414 was superior and among the spacings, 45 cm x 20 cm was significantly superior in both summer and Kharif seasons. The interaction effects revealed that the variety G 5414 at 45 cm x 20 cm and the variety CO-6 at 45 cm x 20 cm were equally superior in terms of yield and economics. In baby com cultivation, detasseling is an important operation which is labour intensive. The variety G 5414 exhibited 50 per cent silking prior to tasseling and hence the detasseling before first harvesting could be avoided. This variety had a better appearance and uniformity compared to CO-6. In general, the baby com yield was higher in summer season compared to Kharif season. To conclude, the result of the study indicated that baby corn can be profitably intercropped in coconut gardens in summer and Kharif seasons. The baby corn hybrid G 5414 at 45 cm x 20 cm spacing resulted in higher baby cob yield with husk, marketable baby cob yield, net income and B:C ratio during both seasons in southern Kerala. The maize variety CO-6 also performed well in coconut garden during both summer and Kharif seasons.Item Seed production of potential stylosanthes gracilis(Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1981) Lekha Sreekantan; Madhavan Nair, K PFactorial experiment in Randomised Block Design with three replications was conducted in the College of Agriculture, Vellayani to study the effect of levels and methods of phosphorus application and number of cuts of green fodder taken, on the seed production potential of Stylosanthes gracilis. The phosphorus treatments were 40, 80 and 120 kg P2O5/ha as soil applications, 40 kg P2O5/ha as soil application + 40 kgP2O5/ha foliar and 80 kg P2O5/ha soil application+ 40 kg P2O5/ha foliar. The cutting treatments were two, three or four cuts. Increasing the level of soil applied phosphorus significantly increased height, spread, leaf stem ratio, nodular weight and number, greenmatter and drymatter yields in each cut and the cumulative greenmatter and drymatter yields.Item Standardisation of spacing and nutrient levels for fodder rice bean [Vigna umbellata (Thunb.)].(Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2018) Ajmal Fayique, C; Usha C ThomasItem Production package of palisade grass (brachiaria brizantha (Hochst.ex a. Rich.) stapf.)(Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2016) Sharu, S R; Sajitha Rani, TItem Effect of different levels of nitrogen and potash on the growth, yield and quality of tapioca variety, H-165(Division of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1975) Natarajan, M; Sadanandan, NAn experiment was conducted at the College of Agriculture, Vellayani, with the object of studying the effect of different levels of nitrogen (50, 100 and 150 kg H per hectare) and potash (50 100 and 150 kg KgO per hectare) on the growth yield end quality of a high yielding variety of tapioca H-165. The experiment was carried out in a 5 factorial Randomised Block Design with four replication Nitrogen and potash were supplied in the form of ammonium sulphate and muriate of potash respectively. The results of the experiment are summarised hereunder:- 1. Basal dressing of nitrogen and potash increased the number of leaves and plant height. 2. Different levels of nitrogen significantly increased the number of leaves in the early stages of growth. The maximum number of leaves wee recorded a t 120th day after planting a t 150 kg H/hectare. 3. Nitrogen significantly increased the plant height at all stages of growth. The maximum height was recorded at harvest with 150 kg N/hectare. 4. There was increase In the number of leaves on 90th and 120th day after planting due to potash application. Maximum number of leaves was produced on 120th day after planting by 150 kg K2O per hectare. 5. The different levels of potash increased the plant height at all stages of growth except at 50th day after planting. She maximum height was recorded at harvest with 150 kg per hectare.