1. KAUTIR (Kerala Agricultural University Theses Information and Retrieval)
Permanent URI for this communityhttp://localhost:4000/handle/123456789/1
Browse
17 results
Search Results
Item Genetic variability and correlation studies in pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Poir)(Department of Horticulture (Olericulture), College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1979) Gopalakrishnan, T R; Gopalakrishnan, P KEighteen diverse pumpkin genotypes were grown in a randomized block design with three replications during 1978-79 at the Instructional Farm of College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara to estimate the extend of genetic variability, association among polygenic characters and its partition into direct and indirect effects. A discriminant function analysis was also carried out to find out the efficiency, if any, of selection through discriminant function over straight selection vice versa. The 18 genotypes were significantly different for the 32 polygenic characters studied. The genotype C.M. 17 and C.M.14 emerged as high yielders with other desirable qualities (16.10 kg. and 15.38 kg. fruit yield / plant respectively). Selection of plants considering yield per S E was observed to be efficient than selection of component characters. Fruit yield /plant was positively correlated with length of main vine, average fruit weight and weight of first mature fruit. Leaves /plant and intermodal length had maximum direct effects on length of main vine. Weight of first mature fruit was positively correlated flesh thickness and circumference of fruit. Number of female flowers/plant and number of fruit /plant had no correlation with fruit yield/plant. This aberrant behaviour requires further physiological studies to define the physiological sink in pumpkin. The line C.M.18 is observed to contain the maximum amount of carotene(0.527%) among the 18 genotypes studied. The carotene content was observed rather independent fruit yield /plant.Item Heterosis in snakegourd (Trichosanthes anguina L.)(Department of Olericulture, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1991) Philip Varghese; Rajan, SThe present investigation "Heterosis in snakegourd" was conducted at the College of Horticulture during 1988-1990. Assessment of genetic variability showed significant differences of 25 characters in 48 snakegourd genotypes. The highest phenotypic coefficient of variation was observed for fruiting nodes on main vine, male flowers/plant, sex ratio and fruits/plant. The pcv was lowest for total crop duration. The gcv resulting in high heritability was high for majority of the characters. High heritability coupled with high genetic gain was noticed for male flowers/plant, sex ratio and fruiting nodes on main vine. The 48 genotypes were grouped into 10 clusters. The combing ability analysis revealed significant gca variances for all characters. The sca variances were also significant for all characters. The sca variances were also significant for all characters except for total crop duration, sex ratio and fruits/plant.Item Genetic resources utilisation and biometric analysis in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)(Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1983) Pushkaran, K; Gopinathan Nair, VMaximising the production, of vegetable oils in the country is one of the badly felt national needs for which the improvement in the productivity of groundnut, the major oilseed crop of the country, deserves the best attention. As a crop, groundnut has wide adaptability and a number of other favourable attributes. Breeding improved varieties suited to the two major areas of groundnut cultivation viz, the traditional uplands during kharif land the non-traditional, but potential rice fallows during summer is an immediate necessity for popularising the crop in this State. Germplasm collection, evaluation and utilisation constitute the basic approaches in the genetic improvement of any crop. Hence this investigation. Eighty eight divergent varieties of groundnut were collected from different sources and subjected to preliminary evaluation in uplands during kharif. Ninety three varieties were evaluated in rice fallows during summer. These varieties showed wide variability in general performance, yield and other attributes within and between the situations. AH-6915 in uplands and TG-3 in rice fallows were the highest yielders. Several varieties were better in yield than the recommended varieties, viz., TMV-2 and TMV-7. A few varieties such as TG-14 end Spanish Improved were consistently superior at both' the situations.Item Model for selecting black gram (Phaseolus mungo Roxb.) varieties for yield and adaptability under partial shade(Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1987) Geetha Philip; Gopimony, RA study on the parameters of variability, correlation and path coefficient were undertaken in twenty black gram varieties to formulate a model for selecting varieties having good yield and adaptability under partial shade. The study was conducted at the Department of Plant Breeding, Vellayani during May to November of 1986. The varieties showed significant differences in most of the characters studied. Genotypic coefficient of variation was maximum for Cercospora leaf spot disease (rating) and minimum for days to pod harvest initiation. High heritability estimate was observed for days to pod harvest initiation. Genetic gain was maximum for Cercospora leaf spot disease (rating). LAI at blooming and LAI at harvest recorded high heritability and high genetic gain indicating the presence of additive gene action. Days through which pod harvest-continued, plant height and number of branches per plant showed moderate to high heritability and genetic gain* At the genotypic level seed yield showed high positive correlation with days to 50 per cent flowering, days to pod harvest initiation, number of nodes per plant, number of pod clusters per plant, number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod. Path coefficient analysis projected days to pod harvest initiation, days through which pod harvest continued, number of pods per plant and 100 seed weight as the traits exerting high positive direct effect on seed yield. Days to 50 per cent flowering plant height, number of nodes per plant, number of branches per plant and length of root also exerted positive direct effect on yield.Item Biometrical studies in ash gourd(Department of Olericulture,College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1981) George, T E; Gopalakrishnan, P KA field experiment was laid out during 1979-80 at the instructional farm, College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikara to estimate genetic variability, correlations, path coefficients and selection indices in ash gourdItem Genetic evaluation of yield and anthracnose resistance in the segregating generation of three way cross hybrides in chilli(Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2013) Vineetha, G; Manju, PChilli (Capsicum annuum L.) is an important spice cum vegetable crop, grown on a commercial scale in India. It is an important constituent of many foods since it adds flavor, colour, vitamin C and pungency, productivity of the crop remains low mostly due to destructive diseases. One of the most dreaded diseases affecting chilli is anthracnose, which is also called dieback and fruit rot. The best way to tackle this disease is to grow resistant varieties. Hence it is essential to identify the sources of anthracnose resistance and study the inheritance of resistance to develop high yielding anthracnose resistant varieties of chilli. The aim of the project was to identify high yielding anthracnose resistant types through evaluation from among the F4 segregating generation of three way cross hybrids in chilli. Eight promising three-way cross hybrids with regard to fruit yield and resistance to anthracnose selected from a previous PG project was used as the material for this study. The eight three way cross hybrids were considered as families and within each family eight progenies were studied. The eight families are given below Family 1 - (Jwalamukhi x Kidangoor local) x Jwalasakhi Family 2 - (Jwalamukhi x Ujwala) x Vellayani Athulya Family 3 - (Jwalasakhi x Vellayani Athulya) x Kidangoor local Family 4 - (Jwalamukhi x Ujwala) x Kidangoor local Family 5 - (Samkranthi local x Vellayani Athulya) x Kidangoor local Family 6 - (Vellayani Athulya x Jwalasakhi) x Samkranthi local Family 7 - (Vellayani Athulya x Ujwala) x Jwalamukhi Family 8 - (Kidangoor local x Ujwala) x Jwalasakhi The investigation was carried out as two separate experiments- Pot culture experiment and Field experiment. Pot culture experiment was laid out in CRD with 8 families and 8 progenies with three replications to score for anthracnose disease by creating disease pressure by artificial inoculation of the plants with the pathogen at 35 DAT and 50 DAT. Six superior progenies from each family with regard to yield and anthracnose resistance were selected for field experiment after eliminating two progenies which exhibited low yield and high anthracnose disease incidence. Viz., progeny 4 and 8, 1 and 4, 4 and 7, 4 and 5, 2 and 5, 2 and 8, 3 and 5, 4 and 6 from families 1, 2, 3,4,5,6,7 and 8 respectively. Family 8 was superior for yield and showed resistance to anthracnose followed by three other families. Progenies which were superior within these families were 8 and 3 in family 8, 6 and 1 in family 5, 8 in family 7 and progeny 3 in family 2. Genetic parameters such as phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), heritability and genetic advance and correlation of 8 families were studied. Fruit yield per plant showed maximum GCV, PCV and genetic advance while heritability percentage was maximum for fruit length and average green fruit weight. Fruit yield per plant showed positive and significant genotypic and phenotypic correlations with average green fruit weight and length of fruit while it showed negative correlation with duration among the families. The field experiment was laid out in Compact Family Block Design, with 8 families and 6 progenies in four replications. Scoring for anthracnose disease was done under natural condition in the field. Among the 8 families, family 8 was highly superior for the important traits such as number of fruits per plant, average green fruit weight, fruit length, fruit girth, fruit yield per plant and was resistant to anthracnose disease. Based on the evaluation of progenies in each family, progeny 1 was significantly superior in family 1, progeny 2 in family 2, progeny 3 in family 3, progeny 4 in family 4, progenies 3 and 4 in family 5, progeny 1 in family 6, progenies 4 and 6 in family 7 and progeny 6 in family 8. Biochemical analysis on chilli revealed that capsaicin and oleoresin were found to be maximum in the above selected progenies in each family which were superior for yield and anthracnose resistance. Progenies which exhibited high capsaicin content were found to exhibit low disease incidence. The study revealed that Kidangoor local x Ujwala x Jwalasakhi (family 8) was the best and was significantly superior followed by Samkranthi local x Vellayani Athulya x Kidangoor local (family 5), Jwalasakhi x Vellayani Athulya x Kidangoor local (family 3), Vellayani Athulya x Jwalasakhi x Samkranthi local (family 6), Vellayani Athulya x Ujwala x Jwalamukhi (family 7) and Jwalamukhi x Ujwala x Vellayani Athulya (family 2). The progenies that were found to be superior within these families will be selected based on yield and yield attributes as well as anthracnose disease resistance for further evaluation of the recombinants in the F5 segregating generation.Item Genotype - environment interaction in new plant type (npt) lines of rice (oryxa sativa L)(Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2007) Marimutthu, M; Elsy, C RThe present study on Genotype - Environment interaction in New Plant Type (NPT) lines of rice was carried out in the Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikkara. Eight selected NPT rice lines (developed at IRRI) along with Jyothi as check variety were evaluated for ten agronomic characteristics and seven grain quality characteristics across three low land rice ecosystem in Palghat district in central zone of Kerala during rabi season 2005. In the experiment, variability, heritability, genetic advance, correlation, path analysis and stability were disclosed. Mean performance of NPT rice lines across three locations revealed that in general NPT rice lines performed significantly better than check variety at two locations for grain yield. Characters like days to 50 per cent flowering and number of productive tillers and harvest index did not differ significantly than that of Jyothi at all the test locations. With respect to grain quality parameters such as L/B ratio, 1000-grain weight, milling percentage and head rice recovery. NPT-8 had shown better grain qualities except amylose content.Jyothi showed superior performance for this character. In general, panicle length and mean number of spikelets were high in most of NPT rice lines than Jyothi.The average plant height of NPT lines was same or higher than that of Jyothi.None of the NPT rice lines showed tendency to lodge. Grain yield was positively and significantly correlated with days to 50 per cent flowering, number of spikelets per panicle, panicle length and straw yield .Path analysis indicated that characters like days to maturity, number of spikelets per panicle, straw yield and 1000-grain weight had the positive direct effect on grain yield. Based on the economical important agronomic characters, promising NPT rice lines for each location were identified. At Nenemni, the promising NPT lines identified were NPT-2, NPT-3 and NPT-4.Taking into consideration of grain quality parameters like medium shaped grains, high 1000-grain weight and head rice recovery, NPT-8 was adjudged as a best NPT line at Nenmeni.NPT-2, NPT-5, NPT6 and NPT-8 were identified as the promising four NPT rice lines at Thenkurissi. At Mathur, NPT-4, NPT-7 and NPT-8 were identified as the promising NPT rice lines. Based on the performance for yield, agronomic characters, grain characteristics and stability NPT-7 had shown better performance in the present study.Item Genetic variability and correlation studies in winged bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus(L) DC](Department of Olericulture, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1984) Ancy Philip; Ramachandran Nair, SItem Production potential of guinea grass clones under partial shade in coconut gardens(Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1988) Thejasee Bhai, V; Sreekumari Amma, JA research programme was carried out at the Department of Plant Breding, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, during June to December, 1987 with the objective of evaluating the expression of production potential of guinea grass clones under partially shaded conditions in coconut plantations through estimation of genetic variability, correlation of green fodder yield and other components and the direct and indirect effects of different components on green fodder yield. Fifteen varieties of guinea grass were evaluated under partially shaded condition in the inter spaces of coconut plantation, adopting a randomized block design replicated thrice. Data on thirteen characters were recorded and subjected to analysis of variance and covariance. The genotype and phenotypic coefficient of variation, heritability in the broad sense, genetic advance and genotype and phenotypic correlations were estimated. Path analysis was conducted using green fodder yield per plot as the effect and five component characters as the cause. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the varieties for plant height, number of tillers per hill, number of panicles per plot, leaf: stem ratio on fresh weight and dry weight bases, green fodder yield per hill and per plot, dry matter yield per hill and Leaf Area Index. Analysis of variance for chlorophyll pigment contents (chlorophyll ‘a’, ‘b’ and total pigments) and dry matter yield per plot revealed that there was no significant difference among the varieties. High genotypic coefficients of variation, moderate to high heritability and genetic gain were recorded for the yield components viz., green fodder yield per hill, leaf: stem ratio and Leaf Area Index suggesting the reliability of these characters during selection programmes for the improvement of this crop. Green fodder yield per plot recorded high positive genotypic correlation with tiller number per hill, green fodder yield per hill, dry matter yield, leaf: stem ratio and Leaf Area Index. Path analysis revealed that green fodder yield per hill had the maximum direct contribution for green fodder yield per plot, followed by leaf: stem ratio on fresh weight basis, number of tillers per hill and plant height. Leaf Area Index exhibited negative direct effect and positive indirect effect through green fodder yield per hill and leaf: stem ratio on fresh weight basis on green fodder yield per plot. It can be suggested that an ideal plant type of guinea grass for cultivation under partially shaded conditions should have high Leaf Area Index more number of leaves resulting in high green fodder yield per hill. Thus green fodder yield per hill, leaf: stem ratio on fresh weight basis and Leaf Area Index may be considered in breeding programmes for developing high fodder yielding guinea grass varieties suited to partially shaded conditions of coconut plantations.Item Model for selecting black gram (Phaseolus mungo Roxb.) varieties for yield and adaptability under partial shade(Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1987) Geetha PhilipA study on the parameters of variability, correlation and path coefficient were undertaken in twenty black gram varieties to formulate a model for selecting varieties having good yield and adaptability under partial shade. The study was conducted at the Department of Plant Breeding, Vellayani during May to November of 1986. The varieties showed significant differences in most of the characters studied. Genotypic coefficient of variation was maximum for Cercospora leaf spot disease (rating) and minimum for days to pod harvest initiation. High heritability estimate was observed for days to pod harvest initiation. Genetic gain was maximum for Cercospora leaf spot disease (rating). LAX at blooming and LAX at harvest recorded high heritability and high genetic gain indicating the presence of additive gene action. Days through which pod harvest continued, plant height and number of branches per plant showed moderate to high heritability and*genetic gain. At the genotypic level seed yield showed high positive correlation with days to 50 per cent flowering, days to pod harvestinitiation, number of nodes per plant, number of pod clusters per plant, number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod. Path coefficient analysis projected days to pod harvest initiation, days through which pod harvest continued, number of pods per plant and 100 seed weight as the traits exerting high positive direct effect on seed yield. Days to 50 per cent flowering plant height, number of nodes per plant, number of branches per plant and length of root also exerted positive direct effect on yield. The study indicated that the model for plant selection in black gram under partial shade should be of taller ones with more number of branches, nodes and pods per plant.