1. KAUTIR (Kerala Agricultural University Theses Information and Retrieval)
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Item Transfer of clusterness to bell peppers (capsicum annum L. var grossum sendt.)(Department of Olericulture, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1985) Pious Thomas; Peter, K VThe present studies ‘Transfer of clusterness to bell peppers (capsicum annum L. var. grossum sendt.) were conducted during September to February, 1983-’84, April to August, 1984 and August to January, 1984-’85. Three bell pepper varieties, 672-Hungarian Wax, Early Calwonder and Cubanelle were found suitable to the warm humid tropical condition of Kerala. The F1 hybrids involving bell peppers and the hot cluster chilli were also found suitable to the tract. All the hybrids yielded more than their better parents. The F1 hybrids showed desirable heterosis for days to flower, days to green fruit harvest, days to fruit ripening, plant height, pedicel length, fruit length, fruit perimeter, fruit weight and yield/plant. 672-Hungarian wax x KAU cluster F1 hybrid was the most promising with desirable plant and fruit characteristics. The F2 heterosis was not significant for exploitation. The solitary bearing habit was dominant over cluster habit. No maternal effect was observed in the inheritance of this character. The bearing habit was controlled by two genes with a specific dominant and recessive epistatic gene action. This was clearly proved through a 13 (solitary) : 3 (cluster) ratio in the F2s of Early Calwonder x KAU cluster, Sweet Red Cherry Pickling x KAU Cluster and Hybrid Pepper Bell Boy x KAU Cluster. It was further confirmed through test crosses and half-sib crosses. The 3 : 1 (solitary : cluster) ratio obtained in 672- Hungarian Wax x KAU Cluster F2 was attributed to homozygous dominant condition of both the genes in 672-Hungarian Wax. The genes for clusterness were tentatively named CL1-cl1 and Cl2-cl2 with epistatic gene actions by cl2 and cl1. The genotypes were thus worked out as KAU Cluster- cl1cl1cl2cl2. Early Calwonder-cl1cl1cl2cl2, Sweet Red Cherry Pickling- cl1cl1cl2cl2, Hybrid Pepper Bell Boy- cl1cl1cl2cl2 and 672-Hungarian Wax-cl1cl1cl2cl2. Fruit/cluster showed a continuous variation but the genetic analysis revealed a major role of environment in the expression of the character. Elite cluster bell pepper lines were identified and progressed. The line, KAU Cluster was observed resistant to bacterial wilt.Item Efficiency of four methods of selection in brinjal improvement in relation to resistance to bacterial wilt(Department of Olericulture, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1984) Asha Shankar, M; Peter, K VBacterial wilt caused by pseudomonas solanacearun is one of the serious problems that limits its cultivation in kerala. With the identification of SM- 6, a brinjal line from Kerala Agricultural University showing considerable degree of resistance to wilt, the prospects of brinjal cultivation has become brighter under the acidic soil conditions of kerala. Studies at the department of Olericulture, Kerala Agriculture University, indicated the presence of transgressive seggregant(s) within SM-6 which were grouped into eleven distinct types. Hence a study was undertaken at the College of Horticulture, Vellanikara to improve upon the existing eleven types for earliness and yield keeping resistance to wilt intact. Each of the eleven genetics groups were improved through four methods of selection mass, single plant, pure line and single seed descent. The selections were conducted in two consecutive cycles. The criteria for selecting elite plant types were fruits/plant and total yield/plant. Observations were recorded on earliness, Vegitative characters, Productive characters and their components. The relative efficiency of the four methods of selection to improve economic characters was critically examined. Being a cross pollinated crop mass selection and single plant selection were found superior to pure line selection and single seed descent to improve economic characters. Genetic information line genotypic co-efficient of variation, phenotypic co-efficient of variation, heritability in the broad sense, genetic advance and genetic advance as percentage of mean was estimated for the progenies developed through four method of selection. The relative efficiency of the four methods of selection was also examined in terms of improving genetic parameters of progenies. Genetic advance as percentage of mean was highest for progenies developed through single plant selection. Realised genetic gain for economic characters as compaired to the overall mean was positive for progenies developed through maas and single plant selections. The eleven genetic groups were also evaluated under each selection method for the characters under study. The genetic groups SH-6-2, SH-5-1 and SH-6-4 were promising for fruits/plant and yield/plant. The level of resistance of sm-6 to bacterial wilt was assessed under four methods of selection. Single seed descent was found effective to improve to improve the level of resistance of sm-6 to bacterial wilt. When screened under field conditions, the genetic groups sm-6-1, sm-6-4,and sm-6-9 exhibited complete plant immunity under all the four methods of selection. In both the cycles. Multi locational trials and artificial inoculation studies further confirmed the resistance of the basic population of sm-6 to bacterial wilt.Item Genetic studies in brlnjal with relation to bacterial wilt resistance(Department of Agricultural Botany, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1983) Gopimony, R; Krishnan, Nair N