1. KAUTIR (Kerala Agricultural University Theses Information and Retrieval)
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Item Experimental selenosis in cattle(Department of Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,Mannuthy, 1989) Jayakumar, K M; Aleyas, N MItem Market potential for branded double toned curd to be introdeced by Ernakulam dairy(College of Co-operation Banking and Management, Vellanikkara, 2017) Reshma Das; Sunandha, K A1. The study focused only consumers of milma 2. The majority of respondents were females. It constitute 76 per cent and 24 per cent were males. 3. Among the respondents 46 per cent belongings to the age group of 41-60 years followed by age group of 25 -40years it constitute 36 per cent.12 per cent belongs to less than 25 and 6 per cent of them in the age group of above 60. 4. The 40 per cent of respondents studied up to higher secondary. it is the majority educational qualification. Educational qualification of 26 per cent of respondents were SSLC. 18 per cent of respondents were graduates.10 per cent had primary education and 6 per cent were post graduates. 5. The 60 per cent of respondents were house wives. 20 per of respondents were work at private sector. 12 per cent of them were self employed and 8 per cent were government employees 6. Thus it clear that the monthly income of 44 per cent of respondents were between 10001 and 15000. It is the majority. The class 15001-20000 constitutes 22 per cent of respondents. The monthly income of 10 per cent of respondents is below 5000 and 8 per cent of respondents was above 20000. 7. The monthly budgets of 36 per cent of respondents were 100-150. For 20 per cent of respondents 151-200. The monthly budget of 26 per cent of respondents was less than 100. 10 per cent of respondents spent monthly income between 200 and 250 for purchase curd. 8. The majority of the family contain 4 members. It constitutes 40 per cent. 32 per cent of family contain 5 members. 20 per cent family contain above 5 members. 8 per cent having the family size less than 3. 9. Majority of respondents were not the regular users of curd. It constitute 86 per 88 cent rest of 14 per cent were the regular users. 10. Among the respondents 50 per cent purchase curd fortnightly, 32 per cent weekly, 12 per cent twice in a week and 6 per cent purchase in 2 days interval. 11. 72 per cent of respondents purchase curd based on the availability and rest of them consider other factors also. 12. Majority of respondents bought less than 1 litre of curd in a single purchase. It constitutes 92 per cent and 8 per cent of respondents purchase 1 litre of curd at a time. 13. The 96 per cent of respondents were not aware of quality standards of curd. Only 4 per cent were aware. 14. According to the majority of respondents there were no quality problems regarding to the curd. It constitutes 64 per cent. 15. The majority of respondents bought curd from retail shop. It constitutes 58 per cent. 24 per cent bought from milma out let and 14 per cent purchase from super market. 16. Majority of respondents agree that curd available in the preferred quantity packets. It constitutes 42 per cent. 32 per cent partly agree and 16 per cent disagree that curd available in the preferred quantity packets. 17. According to 42 per cent of respondents agree that they the product they got were quality product for affordable price. 36 per cent partly agree and 14 per cent strongly agree. 18. According to 62 per cent of respondents most influencing promotional strategy was advertisement. Next influencing strategy was special offers. It constitutes 14 per cent. Free gift and wall painting influence 12 per cent of respondents. 19. The advertisement through the visual media was the most influencing and next was advertisement through social media they constitute 32 and 30 per cent respectively. Print media was the third influencing advertisement media. 28 per cent likes advertisement through print media. 20. According to Garret ranking on the statement factors influencing purchase decision of curd quality came first. The quality obtained the maximum score of 85.42. price with the mean score 82.57 came in the second position. The constraint health factor with the mean score 52. 28 ranked as the third constraint. Availability was the fourth constraint having mean score 51.14 The fifth constraint was quantity it has the mean score 46.28. packaging is the sixth 89 constraint its mean score was 17.42 the seventh constraint was brand image having mean score 14. 21. The majority respondents that mean 100 per cent aware of milma curd. 22. It is clear that 88 per cent used milma curd.12 per cent not used milma curd 23. The majority of respondents aware about milma curd through advertisement. It constitute 48 per cent. 20 per cent knew through social media and word of mouth. 24. The majority of respondents had used milma curd. It constitutes 88 per cent. 25. Availability came in the mind of respondents when they heard about milma curd. It constitutes 36 per cent. Quality was second, price and package others came in the third position. It constitutes 26 and 10 per cent respectively. Taste came in the forth position it constitutes 8 per cent respectively. 26. The 40 per cent of respondents partly agree that the price of milma curd is affordable compared to other curd brand and 30 per cent partly agree. 24per cent of respondents disagree.Item Employees perception of total quality management at Kerala Feeds Limited, Kallettumkara Thrissur(College of Co-operation Banking and Management, Vellanikkara, 2018) Anjana, T T; Binoo P BonnyItem Metoestrual bleeding and its effect on fertility in natural and induced oestrus in cattle(Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2003) Leeba Chacko; Aravinda Ghosh, K NWith the objective of studying the occurrence, onset, duration and intensity of metoestrual bleeding and its effect on fertility in natural and induced oestrus in cattle, detailed data of animals belonging to University Livestock Farm and those presented at Artificial Insemination Centre and Bull Station, attached to the Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were collected using a suitable proforma. Animals with the history of metoestrual bleeding were randomly selected and allotted to the following groups. Group I consisted of 16 animals, comprising- of eight cows and eight heifers, with the history of metoestrual bleeding that were inseminated at natural oestrus. Sixteen animals in group II (eight cows and eight heifers) with the history of metoestrual bleeding were subjected to induction of oestrus on tenth day using 25 mg PGF2 alpha (Lutalyse), which were inseminated at 72 and 96 h after the administration of Lutalyse. Sixteen animals (eight cows and eight heifers) which did not show metoestrual bleeding formed the group Ill. Out of 1626 animals screened, 99 (6.09 per cent) animals exhibited signs of metoestrual bleeding in one or more oestrous cycles. The occurrence was found to be higher in heifers (9.87 per cent) than in cows (4.52 per cent). Higher percentage of Brown Swiss cross bred cattle (9.88 per cent) exhibited signs of metoestrual bleeding, followed by Holstein-Friesian cross bred (7.66 per cent) and Jersey cross breds (7.4 7 per cent). Out of 99 animals with metoestrual bleeding, eight (8.08 per cent) animals showed bleeding on the day of oestrus (day 0), 44 (44.44 per cent) on day 1 of oestrus, 26 (26.26 per cent) on day 2 of oestrus and 21 (21.21) on day 3 of oestrus. Duration of metoestrual bleeding ranged from 6-36 h with a mean of 13.38 ± 2.64 h. Thirteen (13.13 per cent), 57 (57.58 per cent) and 29 (29.30 per cent) animals exhibited scanty, moderate and profuse bleeding, respectively. Thick mucus blood tinged discharge was observed in 60 per cent of cases, which on microscopic examination revealed fern pattern, that lay scattered in disintegrated form with presence of RBCs, in stained smears. Thin mucus blood tinged discharge was noticed in 40 per cent of cases with presence of RBCs in stained smears, without fern pattern. Microbial growth was not detected when metoestrual discharge was inoculated on the culture media and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. Gram positive bacilli were detected as the contaminants after 48 h. Out of eight cows and eight heifers in group II subjected to PGF2alpha administration, seven (87.5 per cent) and eight (100 per cent) responded to treatment, respectively. The overall oestrus response was 93.75 per cent. The time taken for the induction of oestrus in cows was 66.14 ± 1.55 h as against 59.88 ± 1.66 h in group II heifers. Average duration of oestrus in cows and heifers was 25.13 ± 0.99 and 18.75 ± 0.53; 31.43 ± 1.13 and 28.75 ± 2.00, and 23.63 ± 2.27 and 19.38 ± 0.65 h for groups I, 11 and III, respectively. Analysis of data revealed significant difference in the duration of oestrus in cows and heifers in group II from that of cows and heifers in groups I and III (P37.5 per cent of cows and 12.5,37.5 and 50 per cent heifers showed high, medium and low intensity of oestrus, respectively. In group II the corresponding values were 57.14, 28.57 and 14.28 per cent in cows and 62.5, 25 and 12.5 per cent in heifers. In group III 12.5, 37.5 and 50 per cent cows and 25, 37.5 and 37.5 per cent heifers exhibited high, medium and low intensity of oestrus, respectively. Out . of eight cows and eight heifers induced, none exhibited metoestrual bleeding in the induced heat. The overall conception rate in groups I, Il and III were 18.75, 66.66 and 43.75 per cent, respectively. It can be recommended that induction of oestrus using prostaglandin can be employed for enhancing the conception rate in animals with the history of met oestrual bleeding.Item Haematological and biochemical changes in cattle of Eloor with special reference to endosulfan(Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2002) Jyotsana Menon; Gopakumar, NA study was undertaken to assess the impact of environmental pollution with endosulfan in cattle of Eloor industrial belt. Hindustan Insecticide Limited is the major industrial unit handling endosulfan is situated here. So this area was selected for the conduct of study. Field samples like sludge, water and fodder and biological samples like blood, dung, urine and milk of cattle in the study area were collected. The collected samples were analysed for endosulfan level by gas liquid chromatography and compared (statistically) with those of control samples collected from University Livestock Farm (ULF), Mannuthy. A higher level of endosulfan could be detected in the field and biological samples ofEloor cattle than control animals. Milk samples collected from both Eloor area and ULF, Mannuthy had no detectable level of endosulfan in them except for one sample from the study area. Fodder was suspected to be the main source of endosulfan to cattle. A significant change was noticed in lymphocyte count, neutrophil and eosinophil count of the animals in affected area. Other haematologic values like total leucocyte count, total erythrocyte count, packed cell volume and erythrocyte indices (MC V, MCH, MCHC) did not show any significant di fferences. Eventhough the biochemical parameters like the creatinine phosphokinase and BUN level showed significant difference between test and control animals, these were within the normal range. It can be inferred that the levels of endosulfan in the field and biological samples were not sufficient enough to cause toxic symptoms and the variations in haematological and biochemical parameters might be due to role of other contaminants apart from endosulfan. However it could be concluded that field and biological samples collected from vicinities of Hindustan insecticides Ltd. were contaminated with endosulfan. The higher than normal endosulfan level in all samples may be looked with caution because of its toxic nature.