1. KAUTIR (Kerala Agricultural University Theses Information and Retrieval)
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Item Screening of fertility restorers for cytoplasmic genic male sterile (CGMS) lines in rice (Oryza sativa L.).(Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2011) Adarsha, B; Jiji JosephThe study entitled “Screening of fertility restorers for Cytoplasmic Genic Male Sterile (CGMS) lines in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)” was conducted in the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Horticulture during the period 2009-11. The study envisaged evaluation of different CGMS sources and identification of potential restorers and maintainers among high yielding varieties of Kerala. Separate experiments viz., 1. Morphological evaluation of parents and 2. Development and evaluation of F1 hybrids, conducted to realize the objectives. Materials for the present study comprised of two CGMS lines viz., CMS 2A from Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore and IR 68897A, from Directorate of Rice Research, Hyderabad. Seven popular high yielding varieties of Kerala were used as male parents. Parental lines were raised and observations on qualitative and quantitative traits were recorded. Hybridization was done between CGMS lines and restorers in Line x Tester design. The F1 and the parents were raised and observations were recorded. The results on qualitative traits showed that the male parents Onam and Uma had well exserted panicle, semi-erect flag leaf orientation and well exserted stigma which are helpful in out crossing. None of the hybrids were found to be superior to parents with respect to yield due to increased spikelet sterility. Even though, hybrids CMS 2A x Kanchana, CMS 2A x Onam, IR 68897A x Aiswarya and IR 68897A x Uma recorded high pollen fertility none of the male lines can be considered as restorer. The varieties Aiswarya, Jyothi, Kanchana, Matta Triveni, Onam and Uma can be considered as a partial restorer for CGMS line CMS 2A. For the CGMS line IR 68897A, the male lines, Aiswarya, Jaya, Jyothi, Matta Triveni and Uma can be considered as partial restorer. Considering the pollen fertility of CGMS line CMS 2A, Jaya with 43.73 per cent pollen fertility can be considered as partial maintainer and for IR 68897A, Kanchana and Onam can be identified as a partial maintainer. However, in the hybrids CMS 2A x Uma and IR 68897A x Onam, few plants exhibited high pollen sterility per cent. These can be utilized to develop CGMS lines in the genetic background of Uma/Onam in future, through backcross breeding programme.Item Combining ability for tolerance to iron toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.)(Department of plant breeding and genetics, College of horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2015) Tess Joseph; Rose Mary FranciesItem Convergent breeding for new plant type in rice(Oryza sativa L.)(Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2005) Divya Satheesh; Rosamma, C AThe present study on “Convergent breeding for new plant type in rice (Oryza sativa L.) was carried out under the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikkara. This study was carried out for 23 characters in six lines and four testers, and their hybrids developed through a line x tester mating design and was aimed at identification of donor parents for the development of new plant type, and evaluation of the nature of gene action involved in the expression of quantitative traits. In the experiment combining ability, heterosis, character association and gene action involved were estimated. The analysis of variance was significant for almost all the traits under study. Combining ability analysis revealed constantly higher magnitude of SCA variance compared to GCA variance suggesting the preponderance of non additive gene action. Based on mean performance and gca effects Mattatriveni, Kanchana, Jyothi, Gouri ,Swarnaprabha, Mahsuri and Ponmani were identified as best parents which can be utilized in the crossing programme for the development of rice varieties having high yield potential. Among the hybrids Mattatriveni x Ponmani and Mattatriveni x Mahsuri were identified as superior cross combinations based on mean performance, sca effects and standard heterosis and they can be exploited in the creation of new plant type. Characters viz., panicle weight, panicle length, grains per panicle, plant height, 1000 grain weight, total dry matter, grain density and root length which showed significant positive correlation also recorded positive direct effect on grain yield revealing improvement of these characters can directly increase grain yield. Varieties which can be used as donor parents for these characters were identified. Since combination of desirable characters cannot be achieved through one generation of breeding further evaluation and back crossing with specific donor parents is suggested as future line of work.