1. KAUTIR (Kerala Agricultural University Theses Information and Retrieval)

Permanent URI for this communityhttp://localhost:4000/handle/123456789/1

Browse

Subject: search.filters.subject.Marigold

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 10 of 11
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Standardization of production technology for African marigold(Tagetes erecta L.)
    (Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2020) Jeevan, U; Sreelatha, U
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Collection and evaluation of marigold (Tagetes spp.) genotypes for humid tropics
    (Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2017) Shajma Nafeesa Basheer; Sabina George, T
    The present study entitled ‘Collection and evaluation of marigold (Tagetes spp.) genotypes for humid tropics was conducted in the Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Agriculture, Vellayani during 2012-2015, with an objective to collect and evaluate the genotypes of Tagetes spp. for growth, yield of fresh flowers and floral attributes in two planting seasons, ie, October and May planting and to select promising genotypes for loose flower production and for landscaping. The experimental material consisted of twenty five genotypes of Tagetes erecta and five genoytpes of Tagetes patula. These were evaluated in the field in a randomized block design with three replications. Significant differences were observed among the genotypes for plant growth characters, foliage characters, flowering and yield characters and flower characters in both planting seasons. In both October and May plantings, TEG 5 and TEG 6 maintained greater plant height and the lowest plant height were found to be in TPG 17 and TPG 18. The maximum plant spread was recorded in TEG 5 in October planting and in TPG 21 in May planting. The highest number of primary branches per plant was recorded in TEG 6 followed by TEG 5 in October planting and in TEG 16 followed by TEG 5 and TEG 8 in May planting. The highest number of secondary branches was recorded by TEG 14 in October planting and by TPG 21 in May planting. Among flowering and yield characters, in October planting, the lowest number of days to flowering was recorded in Tagetes patula genotypes, TPG 19, TPG 18 and TPG 21 (33.33 days) and the lowest number of days to flower opening in TPG 21 and TPG 17 (45.33 days). In May planting, the Tagetes erecta genotype TEG 11 recorded the lowest number of days to flower initiation (49.00) and flower opening (68.33). TEG 29 recorded the longest flowering duration in both October and May planting. The maximum number of flowers per plant and flower yield per plant was observed in TEG 16 in October planting. In May planting, TPG 18 followed by TEG 16 recorded the maximum number of flowers. The genotype TEG 16 also recorded the highest flower yield per plant in May planting and the highest number of viable seeds per plant in both the seasons. TEG 11 recorded higher values for fresh weight of flower in both the seasons of investigation. In October planting and May planting, the highest value for petal meal per kg of fresh flowers was recorded in TEG 29 and the maximum petal meal per ha was recorded in TEG 5 in October planting and in TEG 29 in May planting. The highest total carotenoid content was recorded by TEG 3 followed by TEG 2 in both the seasons. Among the flower characters, TEG 5 the highest number of ligulate floret whorls and TEG 11 recorded the highest value for length of floret, flower diameter, girth of floral receptacle in both the seasons. Significantly higher flower stalk length was observed for TEG 3 and the longest vase life was recorded by TEG 7 in both the seasons of investigation. Genetic variability studies showed that genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) was higher than phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) for all the characters. High GCV and PCV and high heritability was observed for all the characters studied. Correlation studies revealed a highly significant positive correlation of flower yield with number of flowers per plant, plant spread, fresh weight of flowers, length of floret, crop duration and number of secondary branches per plant. Path analysis studies showed that fresh weight of flowers had the highest direct positive effect on flower yield per plant followed by number of flowers per plant and plant height. Cluster analysis based on D2 values divided the thirty genotypes of marigold into six clusters with Cluster V recording the maximum number of genotypes and Cluster I, the minimum number of genotypes.Seasonal evaluation of the genotypes showed that May planting was found to be better than October planting in terms of plant growth characters, flower yield and flower characteristics. Earlier initiation of flowering was however observed in October planting in all the genotypes. The present study revealed that, the Tagetes erecta genotypes TEG 5, TEG 29, TEG 25, TEG 30, TEG 22, TEG 11 and TEG 7 may be suitable for commercial loose flower production. The genotype TEG 16 with semiupright habit may be suited for plant compactness and flower production. The genotypes TEG 3 and TEG 2, with higher carotenoid content may be suitable for pigment extraction. The Tagetes patula genotypes, TPG 21 and TPG 18 with dwarf spreading plant habit and the Tagetes erecta genotype TEG 11 with semiupright plant habit may be suitable as flowering ground covers in landscaping. The wide range of genetic variability available in marigold genotypes can be utilized for further crop improvement programmes through direct selection and hybridization.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Heavy metal stabilized sewage sludge compost as a growth medium for ornamentals
    (Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2019) Rehana, M R; Biju Joseph
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Vegetative propagation in african marigold
    (Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Agriculture , Padannakkad, 2019) Amruta Sankannavar; Satheeshan, K V
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Effect of growth retardants on growth and yield of African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.)
    (Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Agriculture, Padannakkad, 2017) Sunayana, S; Meera Manjusha, A V
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Standardization of grafting techniques in african marigold (tagetes erecta L.) for combating bacterial wilt
    (Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2018) Athira Baburaj; Sreelatha, U
    The present study entitled “Standardization of grafting techniques in African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) for combating bacterial wilt” was taken up in the Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, College of Horticulture, during the year 2017-2018. The work was carried out under three experiments viz.,standardisation of grafting techniques, assay of enzyme activity and histological studies. The rootstock used in the study was the bacterial wilt resistant local collection M- and the wilt susceptible F1hybrid Maria 91 was used as scion. Grafting was done in the month of January. Three methods of grafting viz., cleft, splice and hole insertion were tried at different ages of rootstock (4, 5, 6 and 7 weeks after sowing) and different ages of scion (3, 4 and 5 weeks after sowing). Observation of graft survival was taken at 15 DAG (Days after grafting). It was observed that cleft grafting four week old scion on to six week old rootstock was found to be the best with a graft survival of 61 percent. It was also observed that there was no survival when grafting was done on four week old rootstock irrespective of age of scion and grafting method followed. Estimation of catalase and peroxidase was carried out to study the activity of these enzymes in graft union formation. Sampling was done at 4,8 and 15DAG. It was observed that, activities of both the enzymes increased from 4DAG to 15DAG. Highest catalase activity at 4th (0.85 EU/g), 8th (1.39 EU/g) and 15th (1.60 EU/g) DAG was observed in cleft grafting of four week old scion on to six week old rootstock. Similar results were also observed in peroxidase activity. Correlation of catalase and peroxidase activity with survival of grafts indicated that both the enzymes are positively correlated with graft survival. Histological studies of the grafts consisted of both anatomical studies and histochemical staining for lignin. It was observed that there was an intensification of the stain from 4DAG to 15DAG with advancement of lignification process in graft union. Histological studies also revealed the formation of necrotic layer in the graft union, as a result of wound repair and cell proliferation. Cleft grafting of four week old scion on six week old wilt resistant rootstock is the best method in African marigold for combating bacterial wilt.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Evaluation of african marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) hybrids/ varieties for yield and resistance to bacterial wilt
    (Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2017) Umesh, C; Sreelatha, U
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Performance of african marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) under different growing condition
    (Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2016) Nimisha Augustine; Sobhana, A
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Effect of time of planting on the growth and flowering of popular bedding plants
    (Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1990) Rose Mary Joice; Philipose Joshua
    A field experiment was conducted at the college of Agriculture, Vellayani during 1988-89 to study the effect of time of planting on the growth and flowering of popular bedding plants namely Marigold, Zinnia , Balsam, Phlox and Salvia. For reasons not absolutely known stand of adequate size could not be obtained for Salvia and Phlox and hence the two crops were not carried over through the remaining part of experiment. Time of planting had profound influence on characters like plant height, number of branches per plant, number of days to flower, number of flowers per plant, size of flowers, longevity of flowers and duration of flowering in Marigold, Zinnia and Balsam. In Marigold the number of days taken for 50 percent germination of seeds and the percentage of germination of seeds were not much influenced by sowing dates. Transplantation during the months of September, October and November is ideal for early flower initiation, maximum number of flowers and branches and less plant height. February and March planting gave longer duration of flowering with medium sized flowers and good flower longevity. In Zinnia the number of days taken for 50 percent germination of seeds were not much affected by sowing time. But the sowing time influenced the percentage germination of seeds. May sowing gave the highest percentage germination of seeds. Transplantation during the months of February, March, April and May is ideal for getting maximum number of large sized long lasting flowers with longer duration of flowering. However, it was noticed that incidence of leaf blight disease was more during these months, as compared to other months. September, October and November gave lesser plant height with more number of branches and earlier flowering. Sowing time did not influence the number of days taken for 50 percent germination of seeds in Balsam. However sowing time influenced the percentage germination of seeds. June sowing gave the highest germination percentage. Plant height was reduced by planting in September, October, November, December and January. Transplantation during the months of February, March, April and May is ideal for getting maximum number of large sized flowers with maximum number of branches. However, it was noticed that incidence of leaf spot disease was more during these months, as compared to other months. November, December, January and February transplanting are ideal for getting maximum duration of flowering.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Extraction, preservation and utilization of natural colour from marigold(Tagetus erecta L.)
    (Department of Processing Technology,College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2010) Sreevidhya, M K; Jacob John, P
    A study on extraction, preservation, and utilization of natural colour from marigold (Tagetus erecta L.) was conducted at the Department of Processing Technology, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara during 2007-2009. Method for extraction of natural colour from marigold was developed. Solvent extraction of cured marigold flower flour using acetone: hexane in the ratio 3:7 was found to be the best method. The extracted oleoresin was purified by saponifying with KOH and further ethanol wash to obtain pure crystalline lutein powder. The extracted colour was preserved as 1:2 lutein: soyabean oil solution packed in glass bottles and stored at room temperature. Lutein solution was found suitable for the application in the products like ice cream, yoghurt, oil etc. as these products contained high amount of fat where as found not suitable for aqueous products as this pigment is not water soluble. A concentration of 0.1 g gave the best colour in ice cream and yoghurt while 0.15g for oil. Natural coloured products were stable only for a short period compared to synthetic colour during storage also it degrade faster on exposure to light, heat compared to synthetic colours. The changes in natural colour was not due to the changes in pH of product but due to the external agents like light and heat. Sensory analysis of natural coloured as well as synthetic coloured ice cream and yoghurt revealed the superiority of natural colour in all the characters like colour, flavour, taste and consistency. During storage natural colour degraded faster than synthetic coloured products. Thus an enhanced stability of the colour with respect to light , heat etc. are to be developed to use these natural colour as a substitute for the synthetic colours.