1. KAUTIR (Kerala Agricultural University Theses Information and Retrieval)
Permanent URI for this communityhttp://localhost:4000/handle/123456789/1
Browse
8 results
Search Results
Item Expression of chalcone synthase gene in ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) as influvenced by various management practices(Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2019) Archita Unnikrishnan; Shylaja, M RGinger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.), a rhizomatous spice crop is known for its nutraceutical potential due to the presence of non-volatile pungent principles, gingerols. The pungent principles in ginger are derived via “stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis” pathway and the key enzyme involved in gingerol biosynthesis is Chalcone synthase. The present research work was undertaken at Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology (CPBMB), College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur from 2017 to 2019 to analyse the influence of nutrient management and spraying of elicitors on Chalcone synthase gene expression in ginger. The study was conducted under two situations, in high tech polyhouse available at CPBMB and in open conditions. Various treatments viz., T1 (Nutrient management as per PoP, KAU), T2 (PoP soil test based nutrient management), T3 (Adhoc PoP organic, KAU), T4 (PoP nutrient management, KAU + salicylic acid foliar spray - 100 µM) and T5 (PoP nutrient management, KAU + methyl jasmonate foliar spray, 100 µM) were imposed. The KAU released ginger variety Karthika, known for its high gingerol content was used for the experiment. The morphological observations such as length of pseudostem, number of tillers per plant, number of leaves per tiller and leaf area were recorded at 60, 90 and 120 Days After Planting (DAP). All the treatments except T4 (PoP nutrient management KAU + salicylic acid foliar spray, 100 µM) and T5 (PoP nutrient management, KAU + methyl jasmonate foliar spray, 100 µM) recorded higher pseudostem length irrespective of the growing conditions. The plants under polyhouse recorded higher pseudostem length than the plants raised under open condition. The tiller production was higher in plants grown in open condition. The number of leaves per tiller was less in treatment T5 (PoP nutrient management, KAU + methyl jasmonate foliar spray - 100 µM) both under polyhouse and open conditions. In polyhouse condition, the leaf area was higher than in open condition. The relative expression of Chalcone synthase gene was studied from the leaves of various treatments at 120 DAP. All the treatments in polyhouse and open conditions recorded higher gene expression over the control treatment T1 (Nutrient management as per PoP, KAU). The treatment T2 (PoP soil test based nutrient management) recorded the highest expression of Chalcone synthase gene both under polyhouse and open conditions with a fold increase of 1.346 and 1.166 respectively. The plants under polyhouse recorded higher fresh yield of the rhizomes than plants under open condition. The treatment T1 (Nutrient management as per PoP, KAU) was the best irrespective of the growing conditions with regard to fresh yield. The rhizome characters such as number, length and girth of primary, secondary, tertiary fingers, thickness of inner core, colour and plumpiness of rhizomes were recorded. Rhizome characters were good in the treatments T1 (Nutrient management as per PoP, KAU), T2 (PoP soil test based nutrient management) and T3 (Adhoc PoP organic-KAU). There was no significant difference in the dry ginger recovery for the rhizomes harvested from both polyhouse and open conditions. The treatment T2 (PoP soil test based nutrient management) recorded higher recovery of both oleoresin and gingerol. The increased recovery of oleoresin in the treatment T2 (PoP soil test based nutrient management) was 71.16 per cent over the control in open condition and 32.11 per cent in polyhouse over the control. Similarly, the total gingerol content recorded an increase of 15.28 per cent over the control in polyhouse and 31.98 per cent over the control in open condition. The major outcome of the present investigations is the high recovery of total gingerol in soil test based nutrient management in ginger. The abiotic elicitors like salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate sprayed could not improve the recovery of gingerols. The soil test based nutrient management recorded higher recovery of both oleoresin and gingerol and was found cost-effective when compared to the other treatments.Item Studies on heterosis and combining abilities with respect to important economic traits in Capsicum annuum, L.(Division of Agricultural Botany, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1981) Manikantan Nair, P; Mary K GeorgeSixty three varieties of Capsicum annuum representing different agroclimatic regions of the country constituted the base material of the study. Based on yield potential , adaptability and tolerance to leaf curl complex disease, thirty varieties were selected for subsequent studies. Comprehensive genetic studies including estimation of genetic parameters, cause effect relationship by path coefficient analysis, genetic divergence by Mahalanoble D2 statistic and a nine parent diallel analysis to causes the combining ability, to unravel the pattern of inheritance and also to examine the level of heterosis manifested with respect to eighteen economic characters including four nutritiveand quality attributes namely Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Capsaicin and Oleoresin content were conducted during the year 1976-79. Analysis of plot means exhibited highly significant differences among varieties except for Capsaicin content. The high degres of variability in economic attributes offers scope for recombining desirable genes from different varieties.Item Somatic embryogenesis in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)(Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2018) Afnamol, O P; Soni, K BItem Priming seed rhizome to enhance growth and yield of transplanted ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.)(Department of Plantation Crops and Spices, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2018) Dharini Chittaragi; Jalaja S MenonItem Physiological studies on enhancing growth and yield of ginger (zingiber officinale L.) by nano-NPK fertilizers and organic management(Department of Plant Physiology, College of Horticulture , Vellanikkara, 2018) Sreelaja Kizhakkekara; Sudarsana Rao, G VItem Metabolite Profiling and gene expression analysis for gingerol production in selected somaclones of ginger (zingiber officinale rosc.)(Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2017) Sreeja, S; Shylaja, M RItem Evaluation and characterisation of promising hybrids of long pepper (Piper longum L.)(Department of Plantation Crops and Spices, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2017) Sruthy, K; Sujatha, V SPiper longum L., commonly known as long pepper, belongs to family Piperaceae. The species has originated in South Asia. Piper longum is an important medicinal plant used in more than 300 ayurvedic preparations. Inspite of the importance of the species, „Viswam‟ is the only variety released so far. As a part of a KSCSTE funded project, hybridization studies were carried out at the Department of Plantation Crops and Spices, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara to develop high yielding types in Piper longum. In the preliminary evaluation trials, four hybrids were found promising. The present study entitled „evaluation and characterisation of promising hybrids of long pepper (Piper longum L.)‟ was conducted with the objective of evaluating these promising hybrids at different shade levels for growth, yield and quality and also to characterise them using molecular markers. The research was conducted in three experiments viz., evaluation of hybrids in pots at different shade levels, field evaluation of selected hybrids and molecular characterisation of promising hybrids and parents. Morphological characterisation of the accessions was done using IPGRI descriptor for Piper nigrum with necessary modifications. Variations were observed among accessions in shape of leaf, immature and mature spike color as well as shape of spike. Characters like plant height, number of primary branches per plant and time taken for production of first lateral were significantly different among hybrids. Flowering and fruit set were higher at zero per cent and 25 per cent shade compared to 50 per cent shade level. Field planted genotypes of P. longum showed significant difference in number of primary branches, internodal length of orthotropic as well as plagiotropic shoots and leaf area. Characters like pedicel length, spike length, spike girth and yield in terms of number of spikes per plant, fresh weight of spikes per plant and dry spike yield per plant also differed significantly. Among the hybrids evaluated in the field, Pl 9 followed by Pl 63 were found to be promising. They were significantly higher yielders compared to other hybrids, female parent and Viswam. Essential oil content was found to be uniform (0.8 per cent) in all the accessions except Pl 141 (0.83 per cent). Pl 9 showed maximum oleoresin (15.2 per cent) and piperine (3.47 per cent) content than other genotypes. For molecular characterisation using RAPD, 30 decamer primers were screened. From these ten best primers were selected. Six primers showed polymorphism between the male and female parents. The hybrids Pl 9 and Pl 63 were closely related with 92 per cent similarity. Pl 140 was found different from the rest of the three hybrids and it was grouped along with the parents. Among the accessions studied, Viswam showed highest variability from others. Among the hybrids evaluated, Pl 9 and Pl 63 were found to be promising in terms of yield. Pl 9 was superior in quality. These hybrids could be further evaluated in multi-location trials to explore the possibility of releasing as high yielding hybrids in future.Item Screening of spice chilli (Capsicum annuum L) genotypes suitable for Kerala(Plantation Crops and Spices, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2017) Nabeela, K; Krishnakumary, K