1. KAUTIR (Kerala Agricultural University Theses Information and Retrieval)
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Item Improvement of Anthurium andreanum Lind. in vitro(Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1998) Mini Balachandran; Ramachandran Nair, SItem Effect of growth regulators on rooting of different types of plating materials in black papper (Piper rigrum.L.)(Department of Pomology, Floriculture and Landscapping, College of Horticulture, 1988) Gigi Elizabeth Clara Francis; Aravindakshan, MSystematic studies were carried out in centre for Advanced Studies, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara to study different aspects of rooting of cuttings and anatomy of the root initiation and development in black pepper. For propagation studies, four different types of planting materials viz., runners (stolons), growing shoots (orthotrophs), hanging shoots (geogrophs) and laterals (plageotrophs) were treated with seradix-B, IAA, IBA, and IAA + IBA combination each at 500, 1000 and 1500 ppm concentrations planted under mist and open conditions. The results revealed that in all the planting materials IBA 1000 ppm treatment was superior with regard to rooting percentage and other root growth parameters such as number, length, fresh weight and dry matter production of roots. Regardless of the growth regulator treatments, mist had pronounced influence on root growth in all the planting materials. However, mist decreased the shoot weight and shoot/root ratio particularly in the final stages of observation. All the planting materials except laterals rooted readily during March but laterals recorded maximum rooting during June. Though there was not much difference among the planting materials with regard to their rooting ability, laterals were shy rooters and produced roots only after six weeks of planting while all other types produced root readily within three weeks of planting. For anatomical studies, rooting regions of the cuttings from all the treatments were used. The tissue origin of roots was found to be the parenchyma situated in the interfascicular region and three steps were identified in the process of root development. Structure of the stem and roots were also studied and described.Item Morphological studies of different types of hibiscus rosasinensis L. and standradisation of propagation techniques(Department of Pomology Floriculture and landscaping, College of Horticulture, 1984) Verghese, C A; Aravindakshan, MThe investigation on collection, morphological description and standardization of propagation techniques of different types of hibiscus were carried out in the Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Horticulture, during the period 1979 to 1981. Thirty four types and fourteen varieties of Hibiscus rosasinensis, two types of H. schizopetalous and one type of H. mutabilis were collected from different zones of Kerala, Tamilnadu and Karnataka and were maintained in the College garden. Since the types collected had no specific varietal names, morphological descriptions of all the fifty one collections were made. Considerable variation both in vegetative and floral characters were exhibited by different types in the collection. A key was prepared based on important distinguishing characters for identification of different types of hibiscus, Acc.3, Acc.5, Acc.13, Acc.29, Acc.32, Acc.33, Acc.42 and Acc.52 were found to produce very attractive showy flowers of different shades of colours. Acc.43 and Acc.45 were bushy types. Pollen viability of ten types of hibiscus were studied. Considerable variation existed with regard to pollen viability among different types. Maximum pollen viability of 89.8 per cent was observed in Acc.22 and minimum of 4.7 per cent in Acc.7. Rooting of stem cuttings were assessed under two treatment conditions, with leaves and without leaves. Retention of leaves had significant influence over the treatment without leaves on rooting of cuttings. The response of growth regulators, IAA, IBA and NAA on rooting of ten hibiscus types were studied. It was revealed that in quick dip method best performance was recorded by NAA 3000 ppm followed by IBA 5000 ppm and IAA 10000 ppm for rooting percentage, number and length of roots. In prolonged dip method, higher rooting percentage, root number, root length and root weight was observed when cuttings were treated with NAA 50 ppm, IBA 75 ppm and IAA 100 ppm. Out of two methods of growth regulator application, quick dip method was significantly superior to prolonged dip method. The types responded differently to growth regulator treatment, Acc.19 responded best while least response was exhibited by Acc.7. From the studies on air layering, it was revealed that maximum rooting percentage of 89.3 was exhibited by Acc.38 and minimum percentage of success by Acc.7. Air layering recorded better rooting than cutting without growth regulator treatment. But, it showed lower rooting percentage when compared to growth regulator treated cuttings.Item Rooting of microshoots and ex vitro establishment of plantlets of bael (Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr.(Department of Plantation Cropsand Spices, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2005) Surya D Aniyan; Sulekha, G RStudies were conducted on “Rooting of microshoots and ex vitro establishment of plantlets of bael (Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr.)” for evolving techniques for in vitro rooting, ex vitro rooting and ex vitro establishment of plantlets of bael during 2003-2005 in the Department of Plantation Crops and Spices and Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram. The in vitro propagation techniques in bael have already been standardised. The microshoots 3.00 to 5.00 cm long with 3.00 to 4.00 leaves were taken from the cultures of previous study maintained in the Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram. The highest rooting of the microshoots (50.00 per cent) occurred in two treatments namely, MS basal medium supplemented with IBA 2.50 mg l-1, sucrose 30.00 g l-1 and agar 6.00 g l-1 and on the same basal medium supplemented with NAA 1.00 mg l-1, sucrose 30.00 g l-1 and agar 6.00 g l -1. The microshoots took the least number of days (8.00) for root initiation in full strength MS basal medium supplemented with IBA 0.50 mg l-1, sucrose 30.00 g l-1 and agar 6.00 g l-1. The highest number of roots (2.67) was obtained in full strength MS basal medium supplemented with IBA 2.50 mg l-1, sucrose 30.00 g l-1 and agar 6.00 g l-1. The best pre-treatment identified for ex vitro rooting was IBA 1000.00 mg l-1 for 20 s (quick dip) which gave the highest survival rate (50.00 per cent), number of roots (1.67) and length of roots (0.63 cm), compared with IBA 50.00 mg l-1 (slow dip). Different potting media like sand, soilrite, sand and soil (1:1), sand, soil and coirpith (1:1:1) and sand, soil and leafmould (1:1:1) were compared to study their effect on ex vitro establishment.. Sand was found to be the ideal potting media for ex vitro establishment. The highest survival rate (50.00 per cent), leaf number (4.67), plant height (3.67 cm), fresh weight (0.6501 g), dry weight (0.25 g), stomatal conductance (0.1165 cm S-1), leaf area index (0.1370) and crop growth rate (0.0291 mg cm-2 day-1) were obtained when planted out in sand than in other potting media. The effect of VAM (Glomus etunicatum and Glomus fasciculatum) in different potting media were also studied in the ex vitro establishment of plantlets. It was observed that mycorrhiza inoculated plants in a potting media of sand showed higher survival rate (66.67 per cent) than control (50.00 per cent). The highest values for number of leaves (6.00), plant height (4.30 cm), number of roots (2.33), fresh weight (0.6908 g), dry weight (0.2847 g), stomatal conductance (0.0383 cm S-1), leaf area index (0.1478) and crop growth rate (0.9921 mg cm-2 day-1) were obtained for the mycorrhiza treated plantlets in sand, compared to other mycorrhizal treated potting media. In the present investigation, protocols were evolved for the in vitro rooting of microshoots of bael (Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr.). But ex vitro rooting and ex vitro establishment gave only limited success. However, few plantlets could be acclimatized and were transferred to mud pots containing sand, soil and cowdung in the ratio 1:1:1 for observing further growth and establishment.