Nutrient profiling of cluster bean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub] genotypes

Abstract

The present investigation entitled “Nutrient profiling of cluster bean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub] genotypes” was conducted at the Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, during 2022- 2024. The study aimed to analyze the nutrient composition in green pods of cluster bean genotypes and to identify the best genotype based on nutrient content. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with two replications comprising of twenty genotypes of cluster bean. Analysis of variance revealed significant difference across all the characters studied among the twenty cluster bean genotypes. The highest pod length, pod girth and pod weight was recorded in VRCB-10 (14.65 cm, 3.45 cm and 5.47 g respectively). IC-11463 was statistically on par with VRCB-10 for pod girth (3.40 cm). The highest number of pods per plant was recorded in IC-39986 (245.32). The highest yield per plant and yield per plot was recorded in KAU Suruchi (384.42 g and 7.72 kg), being on par with IC-39986 (376.36 g and 7.71 kg). The maximum crop duration was recorded in KAU Suruchi (152.50 days), which was statistically on par with IC-11463 (150 days) and IC-39986 (147.50 days). The maximum shelf life was recorded in IC-39980 (4.21 days). The highest moisture content of 86.49% was recorded in VRCB-10, which was statistically on par with IC-11463 (85.66 %) and GP-4 (85.49 %). The highest fat content of 2.62 % was recorded in Sikar. The highest carbohydrate content of 89% was recorded in IC-11463, being on par with IC-39981 (87%). VRCB-57 recorded the highest ash content of 7.77%. The highest crude fibre content of 15.71% was observed in IC-39984. The highest crude protein content of 22.78 % was recorded in VRCB-87, which was statistically on par with GP-8 (21.84 %), VRCB-10 (21.81 %) and IC-11463 (21.68 %). GP-4 recorded the highest β-carotene content of 59.50 μg 100 g-1. The highest vitamin B1 content was recorded in Pusa Navbahar (0.57 mg 100 g-1), which was statistically on par with KAU Suruchi (0.53 mg 100 g-1) and VRCB-10 (0.52 mg 100 g-1). 92 160

The highest vitamin B2 content was recorded in Pusa Navbahar (0.40 mg 100 g-1), which was statistically on par with VRCB-87 (0.38 mg 100 g-1) and GP-20 (0.36 mg 100 g-1). The highest vitamin B3 content of 8.22 mg 100 g-1 was recorded in KAU Suruchi, being on par with IC-39985 (8.14 mg 100 g-1). Pusa Navbahar (50.07 mg 100 g-1) recorded the highest amount of vitamin C content. The highest potassium content of 1.95% was recorded in VRCB-10 and KAU Suruchi. The highest phosphorus content of 0.20 % was recorded in IC-39983. IC-39981 (0.25 %) recorded the highest sodium content. The highest calcium content was recorded in IC-39980 (1.60 %). The highest magnesium content was recorded in GP-14 (1.69 %), which was statistically on par with GP-4 and VRCB-47 (1.68 %). GP-12 recorded the highest iron content of 503.50 ppm. The highest zinc content was recorded in IC-39981 (52.50 ppm). The lowest phytic acid content of 2165 mg 100 g-1 was recorded in IC-39983 and IC-11463. The lowest tannin content was recorded in GP-4 (119.58 mg 100 g-1), which was statistically on par with GP-20 (120.79 mg 100 g-1) and GP-19 (123.09 mg 100 g-1). Among the twenty cluster bean genotypes, VRCB-10 ranked first for appearance (8.91), texture (8.91) and overall acceptability (8.65). The highest mean score for the parameter colour (8.87) was observed in Pusa Navbahar. The highest mean score for flavour (8.79) and taste (8.89) was recorded in IC-11463. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were recorded for pod length, pod weight, pods per plant, yield per plant, yield per plot, fat, vitamin B2, phosphorus, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron and tannin. High heritability estimate was observed for all characters except sodium, i.e. pod length, pod girth, pod weight, pods per plant, yield per plant, yield per plot, crop duration, shelf life, moisture content, fat, carbohydrate, ash, crude fibre, crude protein, β-carotene, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin C, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, phytic acid and tannin. High genetic advance values were recorded for several traits, including pod length, 161

pod weight, pods per plant, yield per plant, yield per plot, crop duration, shelf life, fat, carbohydrate, ash, β-carotene, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin C, potassium, phosphorus, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc and tannin. Cluster bean genotypes were evaluated and ranked based on selection index score across 11 characteristics viz., carbohydrate, crude fibre, crude protein, β-carotene, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, potassium, calcium, iron and phytic acid. IC-11463 received the highest rank with a score of -1599.790, followed by IC-39983 (-1639.237) and Pusa Navbahar (-1716.217). Selection index was also calculated based on vitamin content, including β-carotene, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, and vitamin C. KAU Suruchi ranked first with a score of 112.906, followed by Pusa Navbahar (107.798) and GP-4 (105.598). Selection index was also calculated based on mineral content (potassium, phosphorus, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, and zinc). GP-12 ranked first with a score of 550.634, followed by Pusa Navbahar (528.024) and IC-39981 (414.179).