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Effect of plant protection chemicals on foliar pathogens and Phylloplane microflora of rice
(Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1989) Gokulapalan, C; Chandrasekharan Nair, M
The present investigation was undertaken to assess the effects of plant protection chemicals on the important fungal pathogens and phylloplane microflora of rice. An attempt has been made to identify potential biological control agents to combat sheath blight disease causing havoc to rice cultivation in Kerala. Both under pot culture conditions and during the course of field trials at two locations viz., Adoor and Karamana, Kerala, the fungicide carboxin was found to be the best treatment for reducing the incidence and intensity of sheath blight and sheath rot diseases of rice. The fungicide was found to be the least harmful to the epiphytic microflora of the rice plant. In some instances the population of phylloplane antagonists of R. solani, including Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, Penicillium oxalicum and Aspergillus aculeatus were found to be enhanced by the application of carboxin. The total disease incidence and yield loss were significantly reduced by the application of edifenphos. The rice variety Karthika was found to be significantly tolerant to sheath blight and sheath rot compared with the rice variety Jyothy. The fungicides carboxin and mancozeb at 500ppm did not inhibit the growth of the phylloplane antagonists of R. solani viz., Trichoderma harzianum and T. viride under in vitro conditions. Several micro-organisms isolated from the rice phylloplane were found to exhibit in vitro antagonism towards R. solani. These include Aspergillus aculeatus, A. niger, Chaetomium globosum, Penicillium oxalicum, Trichodema harzianum, T. viride, several bacteria and a few basidiomycetous yeasts. The phylloplane antagonists, Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride and Penicillium oxalicum were found to readily parasitise R. solani hyphae leading to coiling, penetration followed by disintegration and death of the mycohost. When these antagonists were cultured on bran and tried for their efficacy as potential biocontrol agents of R. solani, it was found that these fungi could significantly reduce the incidence and intensity of sheath blight of rice, though this was not comparable with the effect of the fungicide carboxin.
Role of nabard in refinance (investment credit) and ridf in kerala
(College of co-operation, banking and management, Vellanikkara, 1998) Arun Aravind; Jacob Thomas
National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD), as a national level refinance institution has a crucial role to play in agriculture credit and the rural development fund in a state like Kerala, where, budgetary resources are scarce. This Project Work is an attempt to study two major functional areas of NABARD viz., Refinance (Investment Credit) and Rural infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF). The nature and extent of NABARD’s investment Credit refinance is studied using the analysis of share of Kerala in the total refinance disbursement as well as Purpose Wise, Agency Wise, and District wise analysis. The per capita and per hectare refinance disbursement is also studied in this regard. The study reveals that though Kerala has been receiving 4 to 5 percentage of NABARD’s total refinance disbursement for the last 15 years, the per capita and per hectare disbursement is much higher in the state than the All India and Southern Region figures. SCARB is the major disbursement agency and Non Farm Sector is absorbing the major portion of long term refinance. With respect to RIDF, the analysis is done based on parameters such as number of project sanctioned, NABARD Loan and disbursed, State Government’s contribution and Expected benefits. The study reveals that the share of Kerala in the number of projects and loans sanctioned has been decreased from RIDF – I to RIDF – II, the state can hope better results in the matter of expected benefits. Thus the study concludes that, NABARD as a national level institution has been showing justification in every manner to the disbursement of investment credit to the state of Kerala. For RIDF; though the programme has not much matured for an assessment the working of the fund for the last years from 1995 – 96 shows that better results are yet to come.
Customer satisfaction in new generation banks a case study of times bank
(College of co-operation, banking and management, Vellanikkara, 1998) Mukesh Shanker, M S; Jacob Thomas
The study entitled “CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN BANKS – A CASE STUDY OF TIMES BANK” was undertaken with objective of assessing the extend of customer satisfaction in Times bank with respect to selected parameters. A percentage analysis of the primary data was done based on customer responses to various components of service delivery system of Times bank. To examine the extend of customer satisfaction, customer satisfaction index was calculated. The findings of the study revealed that the customers of the bank were highly satisfied (CSI index 80). But shortfalls in services of the bank were identified with respect to certain parameters. It is suggested that the bank should take effective steps to rectify those short falls and to take more efforts to satisfy its clientele, in order to survive healthy in the ever changing banking arena.
Impact of dairy development scheme- a case study of sasthamcotta primary co-operative agricultural and rural development bank (PCARDB)
(College co-operation, banking and management, Vellanikkara, 2000) Unnikrishanan, A R; Jacob Thomas
The study entitled “IMPACT OF DAIRY DEVELOPMENT SCHEME – A CASE STUDY OF SASTHAMCOTTA PCARDB’ was under with the objectives of examining the impact of scheme on the beneficiaries. The analysis was done with the help of information generated through a field survey of 25 beneficiaries who have availed loan facility from the bank between the years 1997 and 1998. The study is limited to Kunnathoor Taluk of Kollam District. Statistical tools like simple average, percentage growth rate etc., were used to interpret the data besides tabular analysis. Analysis made on the scheme revealed the fact that the assistance under the scheme has a positive impact on income employment and milk production among all classes of beneficiaries. However, the performance of the scheme in the field is likely to improve if the bank exercise proper care in identification of beneficiaries and is follow up of the working at the scheme.
Workers participation in management: a case study of Kerala minerals and metals limited (KMML), Chavara
(College of co-operation, banking & management, Vellanikkara, 2004) Anjali Kumary, S; Mohanan, M
The stxidy entitled *^orkers' Participation in Management - A case study of Kerala Minerals and Metals Limited" was conducted with a view to analyse the workers' participation in management of Kerala Minerals and Metals Limited. Simple mathematical tools like average, percentage, etc. were used for the analysis of the data. Workers' participation in management of the company was analysed using the workers' participation index. The required data for the analysis were collected through interview among the employees using a prestructured interview schedule. The study revealed existence of workers' participation to a good extent in KMML. However, measures like informal discussions with subordinates, promotions based on seniority as well as performcince, regular meetings and joint forums, more encouragement to workers' suggestions, better appreciation of workers performance, encouragement of mutual and cordial relationship between workers, added importance on personality development of workers and strengthening of quality circles will help to improve the extent of workers' participation.
Price discovery mechanism under pepper futures trading
(College of co-operation, banking and management, Vellanikkara, 2004) Sanoj, P G; Jacob Thomas
The study entitled ‘Price discovery mechanism under Pepper futures trading’ was undertaken to analyse the price discovery of pepper futures market. The study also attempted a critical review of the policies adopted by the India Pepper and Spice Traders Association in the promotion of futures trading in Pepper. For the purpose of analysis, secondary data on spot and future prices of pepper for a period of twelve months for the year 2002 were used. Also discussions with the authorities of the IPSTA were sought for the purpose of the study. The null hypotheses that α=0 and β=1 is rejected in all sample cases of analysis of price discovery indicating that pepper futures market is not efficient in predicting the future ready prices. Moreover the Pepper exchange has registered only thin trade volume. In spite of a developed ready market for black pepper. Futures market does not attract farmers. Analysis also revealed that Access to the market has has been made more difficult by rules, which force members of the exchange to obtain a local sales tax registration in accordance with government regulations. This takes a minimum of six months to one year, and is only feasible for those who have an office in Kochi. The Exchange will have to adopt an action programme to bring it up to a higher operational level. Since this is an era in which multi commodities are traded through commodity exchanges, Pepper Exchange would have to adopt a policy to start commodities other than pepper in order to sustain in the long term. Besides, the participation of farmers should be enhanced. A promotional campaign by the Cochin Pepper Exchange would be essential to promote active price discovery. Thus the study concluded that the Pepper exchange is not effective in price discovery and it would have to consider which practical arrangements need to be made to promote its international visibility and, in particular how to adapt its contract specifications – delivery grades and location, contract currency to make them attractive to both local and international players.
Profitability of district co-operative banks in northern kerala: an interbank comparison
(College of co-operation, banking and management, Vellanikkara, 2004) Rakhi, V C; Jacob Thomas
The study entitled “Profitability of District Co – operative Banks in Northern Kerala – An Inter BANK Comparison” was undertaken with the objectives of evaluating the inter bank variability of profitability of district co – operative banks (DCBs) in northern Kerala and determining the factors affecting profitability of the district co – operative banks. The study was conducted in three District Co – operative Banks in Northern Kerala, viz. Kannur District Co – operative Bank (KRDCB), Kozhikode District Co – operative Bank (KZDCB), Kasargode District Co – operative Bank (KGDCB), for a decade from 1992 – 1993 to 2001 – 2002. The study was based on the secondary data collected from the annual reports and audit reports maintained by the banks. The methodology used for the analysis of the present study is the decomposition model proposed by Das (1999). For finding the inter bank variability of profitability of banks, coefficient of variation is used and correlation coefficient is computed for the detailed analysis of identifying the factors affecting the profitability of banks. The analysis has revealed that Kannur District Co – operative Bank (KRDCB) is a well performing bank with comparative higher consistency in profit, average profitability and higher staff productivity and lowest interest expenses inspite of below par performance in certain indicators. The bank realizes human resources as a vital factor and gives utmost significance for its development. The analysis revealed that the banks with lowest burden could achieve highest profitability and banks with high burden recorded lowest profitability. Banks are suffering from high burden levels which is the root cause of their low profitability. The Kozhikode District Co – operative Bank (KZDCB) has got highest burden which retard its profit to a great extent.
Financial analysis of kasaragod district co-operative rubber marketing society
(College of co-operation, banking and management, Vellanikkara, 2006) Asha Mohanan; Jacob Thomas, M
The Study entitled “FINANCIAL ANALYSIS OF KASARGOD DISTRICT CO – OPERATIVE RUBBER MARKETING SOCIETY”was undertaken to examine the financial strength and weakness of KDCRMS. For analyzing the financial performance of KDCRMS, secondary data was collected from head office of KDCRMS, Chittarikkal. For the analysis of the financial performance of the society, secondary data collected for a period of 30 years and 11 financial ratios were used. The analysis showed that KDCRMS has gone through frequent critical and unfavourable financial stress during the operational period of 30 years and it is, by no means a secular achievement in the financial performance. The KDCRMS, with co – operative bondage and social obligations has tried to fulfill the aspirations of its members through diversifying its concentration towards the production of rubber, rubber products and other agricultural commodities.
Marketing of insurance product in metlife
(College of co-operation, banking and management, Vellanikkara, 2006) Shijithkumar, K; Jacob Thomas
The insurance sector in India was nationalized in 1965 and the Life Insurance Corporation of India was established. Consequent on the globalization of the economy the insurance sector was opened to the private players and a number of reputed global companies established insurance business in India resulting stiff competition in the insurance sector which was hitherto have been monopolized by the Life Insurance Corporation. The present study entitled, “Marketing of Insurance Products in Metlife”, is undertaken to identify the extent of product awareness among financial Advisors of Metlife and to evaluate the procedures recommended by Metlife. And also to identify the reasons for low activity ratio of Financial Advisors. The Metlife had opened a branch in Thrissur with a purpose of doing business in Life Insurance. It has a work force of 209 financial advisors. The active financial advisors are of 75 and non active is 134. Efficiency of the sales force is measured by the activity rates of the financial advisor. Activity ratio is measured. Number of Financial Advisors who possessed at least 1 policy in the month divided by number of Financial Advisors at the end of the previous month multiplied by 100. The study was conducted in Thrissur branch of Metlife and the primary data was collected through observation method and interview method. Based on Metlife’s vision this study will help to establish a productive and professional financial advisor distribution system for Metlife in Thrissur. It can be used in building financial freedom for every customer through need based sales process. The data was analysed using simple percentages and also ranking method. From the study it can be seen that while considering the product quality and its features, the active Financial Advisors where only considered and scores based on their ranks were given the Metlife products. The products had been ranked on the product features like premium paying term, options for the product, withdrawal options, fund options and charges for the product. The major finding when we consider these features is that, ‘Suvidha’ tends to be more customer friendly. ‘Met Ultimate’ and ‘Met Smart’ is preferred due to its withdrawal option and fund option respectively. ‘Met Smaksha being a term rider, the charges are low. ‘Met Bhavishya’ is preferred because it is a children’s plan. And in creating first impression among the clients almost everyone follow the normal procedures. The three corner stones of financial security are dealt by the Financial advisors when they approach the clients. The Financial Advisors looks forward for follow up questions and clarify the doubts of the customer. By the end of the meeting the Financial Advisor definitely asks for more details.
Role of kudumbasree in socio-economic improvement of BPL families- a case study of Chungathara grama panchayath
(College of co-operation, banking and management, Vellanikkara, 2006) Remya David; Mohanan, M
The study entitled ""ROLE OF KUDUMBASREE IN SOCIO - ECONOMIC IMPROVEMENT OF BPL FAMILIES - A CASE STUDY OF CHUNGATHARA GRAMAPANCHAYATH" was undertaken to access the impact of Kudumbasree in improving the socio economic conditions of BPL families of Chungathara Grama Panchayath. The study was based on primary data collected through a sample survey of 120 NHGmembers of 6 NHGs which have completed 3 years of existence were selected on a random basis for the study . 20 members from each NHG were surveyed with he help of a Structured survey schedule. Study was mainly based on primary data, which were collected From the selected respondents through a pre-tested structured schedule. The data collected were analyzed using percentage and index. The study revealed that the social interactions of the respondents has increased much after joining Kudumbasree programme. The managerial and entrepreneurial abilities has also increased significantly after Joining the programme. The education status, contact with different development departments etc has also increased. Kudumbasree has also played a major role in the economic improvement of the members and their families. Thrift and credit operations and income generating activities started by the members had enhanced the social and economic status of BPL families. Appendix
Profitability of farmers service co-operative banks in mukundapuram taluk of Thrissur district: an inter bank comparison
(College of co-operation, banking and management, Vellanikkara, 2007) Nazeema, P J; Jacob Thomas, M
The study entitled “Profitability of Farmers Service Co – operative Banks in Mukundapuram Taluk of Thrissur District – An Inter Bank Comparison” was undertaken with the objective of evariating the inter bank variability of profitability of Farmers Service Co – operative Banks (FSCBs) in Mukundapuram Taluk of Thrissur District and determining the factors affecting profitability of the Farmers Service Co – operative Banks. The study was conducted in two Farmers Service Co – operative Banks in Mukundapuram, Taluk, viz., Kodakara Farmers Service Co – operative Bank (KDFSCB), Kuttikad Farmers Service Co – operative Bank (KTFSCB), for a decade from 1995 – 1996 to 2004 – 2005. The study was based on the secondary data collected from the annual reports and audit reports maintained by the banks. The methodology used for the analysis of the present study is the decomposition model proposed by Das (1999). For finding the inter bank variability of profitability of banks, coefficient of variation is used and correlation coefficient is computed for the detailed analysis of identifying the factors affecting the profitability of banks. The analysis has revealed that Kodakara Farmers Service Co – operative Bank (KDFSCB) is a well performing bank with comparative higher consistency in profit average profitability and high return on advances and investment inspite of below par performance in certain indicators. The bank realizes human resources as a vital factor and gives at most significance for its development. The analysis revealed that the banks with lowest burden could achieve highest profitability and banks with high burden recorded lowest profitability. Banks are suffering from high burden levels which is the root cause of their low profitability. The Kuttikad Farmers Service Co – operative Bank (KRFSCB) has got highest burden which retard its profit to a great extent.
Total sanitation campaign with special reference to individual household latrines in Adat panchayat- an evaluation
(College of co-operation banking and management, Vellanikara, 2007) Anjaly, K N; Mohanan, M
The study entitled "TOTAL SANITATION CAMPAIGN WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLD LATRINES IN AD AT PANCHAYAT-AN EVALUATION" was undertaken with the objective of evaluate the Total Sanitation Campaign with special reference to Individual Household Latrines in Adat Grama Panchayat. For analyzing the objective primary data was collected through a field survey based on a structured schedule. 40 BPL households were selected from three wards for the study. The study revealed that all the beneficiaries are satisfied with the scheme and the scheme is very popular among the people in the Panchayat. All the respondents were aware of the scheme very well. The sceheme is completely successful in creating hygiene awareness among the people. The beneficiaries are dissatisfied with only one thing that is the subsidy provided under the scheme Is not sufficient. Therefore the study suggests the authorities to Increase the subsidy amount provided under the scheme and to make the scheme is more transparent.
Financial performance analysis of kerala state financial enterprises ltd.
(College of co-operation, banking and management, Vellanikkara, 2007) Divya Sasi; Jacob Thomas, M
The study entitled “The financial performance evaluation of the Kerala State Financial Enterprises LTD” was conducted to assess the performance of KSFE in terms of growth of business and financial strength. The study was completely based on the secondary data. Major sources of data are annual reports and other documents from the head office of the KSFE. The study was concentrated on growth and financial performance of the KSFE for a period of 10 years. Analytical tools used in the analysis are ratios and indices. The study revealed that the company is efficient in mobilization of savings deployment of funds and efficient in operation. More over the company is in a fast tract and reaping huge profit and expanding year after year. It had never faced the problem of loss for the last 3 decades. Now it is grown up in to one of the biggest Non – banking financing company in Kerala.
Futures trading of crude oil- a study on price risk management of crude oil futures
(College of co-operation, banking and management, Vellanikkara, 2008) Prudha, Mohan; Jacob Thomas, M
The study entitled “FUTURES TRADING OF CRUDE OIL – A STUDY ON PRICE RISK MANAGEMENT OF CRUDE OIL FUTURES” was undertaken to study the price movements in future prices of crude oil and price risk management in crude prices. The report first presents a summarization of the Indian commodity and crude futures and later it includes the description of Organization. The various concepts of futures trading are introduced later which gives a basic outline of different contracts undertaken, participants in futures market and various strategies followed. The study was based on secondary data. The information about the production, consumption, export and import of crude oil were collected from the website of Energy Information and Administration. This helped in studying the top producer, consumer, exporter and importer and their percentage share among top ten countries. The Multi Commodity Exchange traded crude oil futures data from 1 Jan to 31 Dec 2007 was used to undertake the study. The study analyses the trends in future prices by using least square method such as linear, parabolic and logarithmic trend. It revealed that the future prices showed more or less a parabolic trend. The movements in spot and future prices of crude oil were also analysed by finding the co – efficient of correlation and standard deviation. This study also examined the use of crude futures in hedging and risk reduction. It showed a positive correlation between the spot and future prices i.e. as the future prices increases the spot prices also increases. The project investigated methods involved in reducing the basis risk and the subsequent calculation of hedge ratio. The study brought out that the use of hedge ratios can reduce the basis risk to a considerable level. The hedging and the use of hedge ratio are an effective tool in price risk management. Thus futures trading play a very important role of performing economic function of price risk management.
Study on financial performance of irinjalakuda town co-operative bank (ITCB) LTD NO.55
(College of co-operation, banking and management, Vellanikkara, 2009) Betssy Baby Edattukaran; Jacob Thomas, M
The study entitled “Financial Performance of Irinjalakuda Town Co – operative Bank (ITCB) Ltd.No. 55” was undertaken to examine the financial strength and weakness of Irinjalakuda Town Co – operative Bank. For the purpose of the study secondary data were collected from annual reports of the bank. The data were collected for a period of 15 yers i.e. from 1993 – 94 to 2007 08. The financial performance was studied from detailed observation of financial ratios. From the above discussion and analysis the study revealed that the bank was able to attract more deposits every year but this should match with equally efficient deployment of funds. The bank should take care to fix the target for deployment of funds in proportion to the deposit mobilization targets. Otherwise it will affect the interest earning capacity of the bank and hence the profits. By reducing the cost of production and other direct expenses the bank can achieve the gross profit. The bank can start any other trading activities for improving its profitable position.
Performance evaluation of Avinissery ksheerolpadaka sahakarana sangham ltd (No. R34D)
(College of Co-operation, Banking and Management, Vellanikkara, 2010) Divya, G; Mohanan, M
The study entitled "Performance evaluation of Avinissery Ksheedolpadaka Sahakarana Sangham Ltd No R34 D" was undertaken to examine the enterprise and institutional role played by the society. The enterprise role of the society was analyzed using the secondary data collected from the financial records of the society, ten years from 1998-99 to 2007-08 . The institutional role of the society was analyzed from the primary data collected through a survey of thirty sample farmer members of the society. From the study it could be understood that the profitability of the society is not sound. The major reason of the low profitability is the decline in the milk collection by the society. The farmers would be ready to supply milk to the society only when they get fair price to the milk. This was analyzed through the survey of farmers and could understand that the price given by the society to the farmers is not reasonable. The farmers cannot meet the expenses out of this price. That is, the society cannot perform its enterprise and institutional role well. The dairy industry in India is facing such a problem. Immediate policy measures should be taken to save dairy industry and milk producing societies from these troubles.
Fund management a study of Puthukad service co-operative bank ltd no..580
(College co-operation, banking and management, Vellanikkara, 2010) Neethu, T A; Jacob Thomas, M
The study “Fund management – A study of Puthukad Service Co – operative Bank Ltd No. 580” was undertaken to analyze the fund management practices of Puthukad Service Co – operative Bank (PSCB). Ratio analysis covering efficiency in mobilization, deployment and operational efficiency were employed for studying the fund management practices. The ratios were worked out on the basis of secondary data collected from audited annual reports of the bank. The study highlighted that the bank able to attract more deposits during the study period. As a result the dependency of borrowed funds on working capital increased from year to year. But there was not much improvement in the deployment of funds. Only a slight improvement depicted from the study. So the bank should concentrate on the efficient deployment of funds otherwise it adversely affect the spread margin. The bank should take care to increase the non interest income for improvement of profitability.
Study on financial performance of Aranattukara oriental co-operative bank (AOCB) Ltd no.171
(College of co-operation, banking and management, Vellanikkara, 2010) Rony Valappat, T; Jacob Thomas, M
The study entitled “Financial Performance of Aranattukara Oriental Co – operative Bank Ltd. No. 171” was undertaken to examine the financial strength and weakness of Aranattukara Oriental Co – operative Bank. For the purpose of the study secondary data were collected from annual reports of the bank. The data were collected for a period of 15 years i.e. from 1990 – 91 to 2004 – 05. The financial performance was studied from detailed observation of financial ratios. From the above discussion and analysis the study revealed that the bank was able to attract more deposits every year but this should match with equally efficient deployment of funds. The bank should take care to fix the target for deployment of funds in proportion to the deposit mobilization targets. Otherwise it will affect the interest earning capacity of the bank and hence the profits. By reducing the cost of production and other direct expenses the bank can achieve the gross profit. The bank can start any other trading activities for improving its profitable position.
Impact of Mahatma Gandhi national rural employment guarantee programme a case study of Adat grama panchayat
(Co-operation, banking & management, Vellanikkara, 2011) Sruthy, Johny; Mohanan, M
The study entitled "Impact of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme: A case study of Adat Grama Panchayat" was conducted to analyse the effectiveness of MGNREGA from the perspective of the beneficiaries. The study was based on primary and secondary data. The secondary data were collected from various journals, reports, publications, and internet and from the Block Pancayat. The primary data were collected from 60 beneficiaries who had employed under the scheme in the year 2010-11 through a pre-structured questionnaire. The MGNREGA in Adat Grama Panchayat was very effective and the scheme has its impact on the income level, expenditure pattern, savings, migration, acquisition of assets, status of women and social relationship. The scheme has also brought in benefits to the households as well as to the community. The respondents have rated the functioning of the scheme with reference to selected variables as ' good' which is a sign of good work done by the various functionaries of the scheme.
Study on financial performance of Thalore service co-operative bank ltd no.435
(College of co-operation banking and management, Vellanikara, 2011) Aswathy Vasukuttan; Jacob Thomas, M
The study entitled financial performance of Thalore Service Co – operative Bank was conducted with a view to evaluate the financial performance of TSCB.b The analysis is based on the secondary data collected from the audited annual reports for the period 1989 – 90 to 2008 – 09. The details such as share capital, borrowings, deposits, loans and advances, working capital and net profit were collected from various reports of the bank. The collected data were analysed by using selected financial ratios. The ratios that measure the efficiency in mobilization, efficiency in deployment and efficiency in operation were used for the purpose of the study. The Financial performance of the bank revealed that the bank’s performance was satisfactory during the study period and it has a strong financial base. Mobilization of fund by the bank was satisfactory. The bank is efficient in deployment of fund also.