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End date: 1999

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    Effect of plant protection chemicals on foliar pathogens and Phylloplane microflora of rice
    (Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1989) Gokulapalan, C; Chandrasekharan Nair, M
    The present investigation was undertaken to assess the effects of plant protection chemicals on the important fungal pathogens and phylloplane microflora of rice. An attempt has been made to identify potential biological control agents to combat sheath blight disease causing havoc to rice cultivation in Kerala. Both under pot culture conditions and during the course of field trials at two locations viz., Adoor and Karamana, Kerala, the fungicide carboxin was found to be the best treatment for reducing the incidence and intensity of sheath blight and sheath rot diseases of rice. The fungicide was found to be the least harmful to the epiphytic microflora of the rice plant. In some instances the population of phylloplane antagonists of R. solani, including Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, Penicillium oxalicum and Aspergillus aculeatus were found to be enhanced by the application of carboxin. The total disease incidence and yield loss were significantly reduced by the application of edifenphos. The rice variety Karthika was found to be significantly tolerant to sheath blight and sheath rot compared with the rice variety Jyothy. The fungicides carboxin and mancozeb at 500ppm did not inhibit the growth of the phylloplane antagonists of R. solani viz., Trichoderma harzianum and T. viride under in vitro conditions. Several micro-organisms isolated from the rice phylloplane were found to exhibit in vitro antagonism towards R. solani. These include Aspergillus aculeatus, A. niger, Chaetomium globosum, Penicillium oxalicum, Trichodema harzianum, T. viride, several bacteria and a few basidiomycetous yeasts. The phylloplane antagonists, Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride and Penicillium oxalicum were found to readily parasitise R. solani hyphae leading to coiling, penetration followed by disintegration and death of the mycohost. When these antagonists were cultured on bran and tried for their efficacy as potential biocontrol agents of R. solani, it was found that these fungi could significantly reduce the incidence and intensity of sheath blight of rice, though this was not comparable with the effect of the fungicide carboxin.
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    Role of nabard in refinance (investment credit) and ridf in kerala
    (College of co-operation, banking and management, Vellanikkara, 1998) Arun Aravind; Jacob Thomas
    National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD), as a national level refinance institution has a crucial role to play in agriculture credit and the rural development fund in a state like Kerala, where, budgetary resources are scarce. This Project Work is an attempt to study two major functional areas of NABARD viz., Refinance (Investment Credit) and Rural infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF). The nature and extent of NABARD’s investment Credit refinance is studied using the analysis of share of Kerala in the total refinance disbursement as well as Purpose Wise, Agency Wise, and District wise analysis. The per capita and per hectare refinance disbursement is also studied in this regard. The study reveals that though Kerala has been receiving 4 to 5 percentage of NABARD’s total refinance disbursement for the last 15 years, the per capita and per hectare disbursement is much higher in the state than the All India and Southern Region figures. SCARB is the major disbursement agency and Non Farm Sector is absorbing the major portion of long term refinance. With respect to RIDF, the analysis is done based on parameters such as number of project sanctioned, NABARD Loan and disbursed, State Government’s contribution and Expected benefits. The study reveals that the share of Kerala in the number of projects and loans sanctioned has been decreased from RIDF – I to RIDF – II, the state can hope better results in the matter of expected benefits. Thus the study concludes that, NABARD as a national level institution has been showing justification in every manner to the disbursement of investment credit to the state of Kerala. For RIDF; though the programme has not much matured for an assessment the working of the fund for the last years from 1995 – 96 shows that better results are yet to come.
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    Customer satisfaction in new generation banks a case study of times bank
    (College of co-operation, banking and management, Vellanikkara, 1998) Mukesh Shanker, M S; Jacob Thomas
    The study entitled “CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN BANKS – A CASE STUDY OF TIMES BANK” was undertaken with objective of assessing the extend of customer satisfaction in Times bank with respect to selected parameters. A percentage analysis of the primary data was done based on customer responses to various components of service delivery system of Times bank. To examine the extend of customer satisfaction, customer satisfaction index was calculated. The findings of the study revealed that the customers of the bank were highly satisfied (CSI index 80). But shortfalls in services of the bank were identified with respect to certain parameters. It is suggested that the bank should take effective steps to rectify those short falls and to take more efforts to satisfy its clientele, in order to survive healthy in the ever changing banking arena.