PG Thesis
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Item Extent of adoption of messages by contact farmers in T & V systems(Department of Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1987) Prasannan, K M; Tampi, A MA research study was conducted in Neyyatinkara Nedumangadu and Attingal subdivision of Trivandrum district of Kerala to study the following 1. To identify the messages on improved agricultural practices on major crops communicated to the contact farmers by the T & V system 2. To assess the extent of adoption of the messages communicated during the season 3. To study the personal, psychological and economic characters of contact farmers with their extent of adoption 4. To delinate the constraints experienced by the contact farmers in the adoption of the messagesItem Participation of farm family women in sericulture in the Palakkad district(Department of Agricultural Extension, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1994) Sajan Andrews, K; Geethakutty, P SA Research study entitled “Participation of Farm Family Woman in Sericulture in the Palakkad District” was conducted to identify the extent of participation of farm family woman in decision making and in the operations in sericulture in relation to their personal, socio-cultural and techno-economic factors and the constraints and consequences there of. The study area comprised of the four agricultural subdivisions of the Palakad district namely, Alathoor, Mannarkad, shornur and Chittoor. A stratified random sample of 150 sericulture units was selected for the study. Data were collected from the woman heads of sericulture units using a pre-tested structured interview schedule. Appropriate statistical techniques like correlation analysis, regression analysis and path analysis were done to analyse the data. The extent of participation of farm family women in sericultural operations (EPSO) was measured in terms of two dimensions namely actual hours of work and nature of participation in each of the operations. Nineteen operations in sericulture (seven under mulberry cultivation and twelve under silkworm rearing) were identified and included in the study. The extent of participation of farm family women in decision making in sericultural operations (EPDS) was measured in terms of two dimensions, nature of participation and frequency of participation. Thirty important areas of decision making in sericulture were identified and measured in the study. The study revealed that only a small percentage of the farm woman had put forth ‘high’ and ‘medium’ participation in sericultural operations while, a majority of them were of ‘low’ and ‘very low’ participation in various activities of sericulture enterprise. Operation wise analysis revealed that in almost all operations of mulberry, farm women had no major contribution. Only in the case of application of chemical fertilizers, pruning, weeding and harvesting of leaves at least some amount of participation could be accounted, which were carried out either ‘jointly’ or with ‘supervision’ only. Majority of the farm women spend 2-5 hours for chopping the leaves, feeding the worms, caring the worms at moulting, bed cleaning, protection of worms, moulting of worms, harvesting of cocoons and cleaning and grading of cocoons with ‘joint’ nature of participation. Regarding the extent of participation of farm family women in decision making in sericulture operations the study revealed that nearly one third of the farm women had ‘medium’ involvement, while a majority of them had either ‘low’ or ‘very low’ participation. A majority of the farm woman had ‘joint’ participation in decision making in all activities of mulberry cultivation none of the respondents had ‘solely’ participation in decision making in any of the activities of mulberry cultivation and silk worm rearing. More than fifty per cent of farm woman made ‘joint’ decisions in matters regarding number of feedings to be given to worms, size and quality of leaves, spacing of worms, caring of worms, method of bed cleaning, number of trays, time of mounting of worms, harvesting of cocoons, and grading and cleaning of cocoons with moderate frequent participation. The simple correlation analysis showed that out of sixteen variables, except age all variables were positively and significantly related with EPSO. Multiple regression analysis revealed that five variables namely experience in sericulture, scientific orientation, management orientaition, attitude towards sericulture and family income were significant in explaining the variability in EPSO. Except age and education all the variables showed positive and significant correlation with EPDS. Multiple regression analysis revealed that only two variables namely information source utilization and attitude towards sericulture were significant in explaining the variability in EPDS. The major constraints experienced by the farm family women in participation in sericulture and decision making were low price of the cocoons and price fluctuations in the market, lack of leisure time availability, lack of knowledge about the practices and death of worms due to diseases. Enhancement of managerial economy, economic utilization of leisure time and status elevation in the family were identified as the most important positive consequences experienced by the farm family women in sericulture. The major negative consequences experienced by the farm family women due to their participation in sericulture were lack of time to attend children and other farm and home operations, drudgery, exhaustion and frustration.Item Role of krishi bhavans in agricultural development in Thiruvananthapuram district(Department of Agricultural extension, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1992) Suresh Nelson; Sobhana, GThe study, ‘Role of Krishi Bhavans in Agricultural Development in Thiruvananthapuram District’ was conducted among Agricultural Extension Personnel and farmers in the three agricultural sub-divisions of the district viz. Neyyattinkara, Nedumangad and Attingal with the following specific objectives: To analyse the role of krshi Bhavans in Agricultural Development as perceived by farmers and Agricultural Extension Personnel. To study the awareness of farmers and Agricultural Extension Personnal about the concept and functioning of Krishi Bhavans. To study the attitude of farmers and Agricultural Extension Personnel towards Krishi Bhavans. To identify the constraints, if any, perceived by farmers and Agricultural Extension Personnel in the functioning of Krishi Bhavans. The study was conducted among 30 AOs. 30 AAS, 30 Karshika Vikasana Samithy Members and 60 other farmers, randomly selected from 30 krishi Bhavans of the district. The roles of Krishi Bhavans were analysed in terms of perceived importance and performance of the roles by the Agricultural Extension Personnel and farmers. Awareness was measured using the schedule developed for the study. Attitude towards Krishi Bhavans was measured using the attitude scale developed for the purpose. The characteristics of respondents were quantified using either adopted scales or schedules developed for the study. Constraints in the functioning of Krishi Bhavans were also identified as perceived by Agricultural Extension Personnel and farmers. Out of the thirty five identified roles, seven roles were perceived as important by all the four categories of respondents viz. AOs, AAS, Karshika Vikasana Samithy Members and other farmers. Of the seven roles, five were perceived by all of them as being adequately performed. The roles which were not adequately performed according to them were (i) Conducting method demonstrations, result demonstrations and Minikit trials in farmers’ fields. (ii) Arranging loans from Banks and Societies to farmers for agricultural purposes. Majority of the respondents ie. 56.67 per cent of AOs, 53.33 per cent of AAs, 56.67 per cent of Karshika Vikasana Samithy Members and 53.33 per cent of other farmers were having higher level of awareness about Krishi Bhavans. Job commitment of AOs was positively and significantly related to their awareness. None of the selected characteristics of AAs had significant relationship with their awareness. Education, social participation, contact with extension agency, innovativeness and scientific orientation of Karshika Vikasana Samithy Members and social participation, information source utilisation and innovativeness of other farmers were positively and significantly related with their awareness about Krishi Bhavans. Less than half of AOs and AAs (46.67 per cent each) and majority of Karshika Vikasana Samithy Members (60 per cent) and other farmers (56.67 per cent) were found to have high degree of attitude towards Krishi Bhavans. Job satisfaction and job commitment of AOs and job satisfaction of AAs were found to have positive and significant relationship with their attitude towards Krishi Bhavans. Contact with extension agency, Scientific orientation and awareness about Krishi Bhavans of Karshika Vikasana Samithy Members and contact with extension agency of other farmers were found to have positive and significant relationship with their attitude towards Krishi Bhavans. Lack of clerical support in Krishi Bhavan was the most important constraint perceived by AOs while ‘Lack of facilities in Krishi Bhavans was perceived as the most important constraint by AAs. The five serious constraints identified by Karshika Vikasana Samithy Members and other farmers were high labour cost, conversion of paddy fields into coconut and banana gardens making tiller ploughing difficult lack of irrigation water in time, inadequate and untimely supply of inputs and high cost of cultivation.